springer us jan 1990 (74 results)

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware - Expert systems constitute a research area which is currently expanding. This book is based largely on work undertaken for my doctoral thesis and attempts to set out in readily understood language the different methods of knowledge representation used in different systems. How ever, since the field for applications is enormous and touches on many disciplines (engineering science, computing, geology, medicine etc.) only those systems with medical applications are presented. The second part of this book is devoted to detailed discussion of one expert system developed in this department: SPHINX. I wish to thank all those who have given me their support, their criticisms and suggestions: Dominique Fieschi, Michel Joubert, Genevieve Botti, Michel Roux, Jean-Louis Lauriere, as well as the CNRS which supported the ATP Expert Systems Group with an individual grant. Marius Fieschi Foreword This work deals with 'Expert Systems' in the realm of medicine. The phrase 'Expert System' describes an information system not only in terms of its content but also in terms of its application. As with all generic terms, it is condensed to the point where the meaning cannot be guessed from simply reading it. It concerns systems processing knowledge and behaviour in ways close to those of a human expert. In the field of medicine this expert would be the consultant or specialist to whom a family practitioner refers a 'case' which he is unable to diagnose. The study of expert systems is a branch of computer science called artificial intelligence.

Buch. Condition: Neu. Neuware - What follows is a sampler of work in knowledge acquisition. It comprises three technical papers and six guest editorials. The technical papers give an in-depth look at some of the important issues and current approaches in knowledge acquisition. The editorials were pro duced by authors who were basically invited to sound off. I've tried to group and order the contributions somewhat coherently. The following annotations emphasize the connections among the separate pieces. Buchanan's editorial starts on the theme of 'Can machine learning offer anything to expert systems ' He emphasizes the practical goals of knowledge acquisition and the challenge of aiming for them. Lenat's editorial briefly describes experience in the development of CYC that straddles both fields. He outlines a two-phase development that relies on an engineering approach early on and aims for a crossover to more automated techniques as the size of the knowledge base increases. Bareiss, Porter, and Murray give the first technical paper. It comes from a laboratory of machine learning researchers who have taken an interest in supporting the development of knowledge bases, with an emphasis on how development changes with the growth of the knowledge base. The paper describes two systems. The first, Protos, adjusts the training it expects and the assistance it provides as its knowledge grows. The second, KI, is a system that helps integrate knowledge into an already very large knowledge base.

Buch. Condition: Neu. Neuware - Explanations of abnormal behavior that emphasize the importance of physiological determinants of disorder are relatively unpopular among psychologists, especially among those who work as clinicians in an ap~ plied setting. The reasons for this are theoretical and historical, as well as practical. Physiology and its associated biological disciplines of bio~ chemistry, pharmacology, and genetics are traditionally more associated with medicine; their use to underpin explanations and treatments of behavioral abnormality has consequently demanded knowledge to which most psychologists are not exposed and skills that are unavailable to them. The dichotomy thus created between medical and psychologi~ cal approaches has caused many psychologists to disregard physiologi~ cal factors. Even when the latter are recognized as important, many psychologists have been unwilling to admit to the fact, in the belief that by doing so they will commit themselves to an overly medical model of psychological disorder, undermining what they see as preferred views of abnormality. As I have become increasingly aware in following the progress of this book, in the United States the theoretical issues in this debate have been further sharpened by professional rivalries (present but less explicit on the European scene from which I write) between medical and nonmedical health care workers, regarding facilities for and approaches to the treatment of the mentally disturbed. Faced with these divisions of interest, psychologists have available two courses of action.

Buch. Condition: Neu. Neuware - The function of a filter is to transform a signal into another one more suit able for a given purpose. As such, filters find applications in telecommunica tions, radar, sonar, remote sensing, geophysical signal processing, image pro cessing, and computer vision. Numerous authors have considered deterministic and statistical approaches for the study of passive, active, digital, multidimen sional, and adaptive filters. Most of the filters considered were linear although the theory of nonlinear filters is developing rapidly, as it is evident by the numerous research papers and a few specialized monographs now available. Our research interests in this area created opportunity for cooperation and co authored publications during the past few years in many nonlinear filter families described in this book. As a result of this cooperation and a visit from John Pitas on a research leave at the University of Toronto in September 1988, the idea for this book was first conceived. The difficulty in writing such a mono graph was that the area seemed fragmented and no general theory was available to encompass the many different kinds of filters presented in the literature. However, the similarities of some families of nonlinear filters and the need for such a monograph providing a broad overview of the whole area made the pro ject worthwhile. The result is the book now in your hands, typeset at the Department of Electrical Engineering of the University of Toronto during the summer of 1989.

Buch. Condition: Neu. Neuware - The rapid development of optical fiber transmission technology has created the possibility for constructing digital networks that are as ubiquitous as the current voice network but which can carry video, voice, and data in massive qlJantities. How and when such networks will evolve, who will pay for them, and what new applications will use them is anyone's guess. There appears to be no doubt, however, that the trend in telecommunication networks is toward far greater transmission speeds and toward greater heterogeneity in the requirements of different applications. This book treats some of the central problems involved in these networks of the future. First, how does one switch data at speeds orders of magnitude faster than that of existing networks This problem has roots in both classical switching for telephony and in switching for packet networks. There are a number of new twists here, however. The first is that the high speeds necessitate the use of highly parallel processing and place a high premium on computational simplicity. The second is that the required data speeds and allowable delays of different applications differ by many orders of magnitude. The third is that it might be desirable to support both point to point applications and also applications involving broadcast from one source to a large set of destinations.

Buch. Condition: Neu. Neuware - Presents detailed discussions on the systematic, ecological, and evolutionary implications of the pollination of terrestrial orchids of Southern Australia and the Mediterranean; variation and diversity in deep-sea echinoids; the molecular evolution of the alcohol dehydrogenase genes in Drosophila;

Buch. Condition: Neu. Neuware - The traveller to India is urged to visit that country's western shore with the Arabian Sea where, about 300 miles to the south of Bombay, an exceedingly lovely coast reaches the peak of its harmony at the erstwhile Portuguese enclave of Goa. The ambience of this alluring province is an exquisite balance of palm trees and rice fields, aged colonial homes -many still elegant and brightly painted -slowly being swallowed up by the exuberant tropical vegetation, incredible blossoms, colorful and courteous people and, deeper inland, some splendid examples of 17th and 18th century Portuguese ecclesiastical architecture. A feast for the eyes by day, and in the evening enough fresh fish and other good food to satisfy the most demanding gourmet. This was the paradisiacal setting for the first International Conference on the Neural Organization of Sensory Systems (ICONOSS for short), sponsored jointly by the International Brain Research Organization (IBRO), the Tata Institute for Fundamental Research at Bombay, the Department of Atomic Energy of the Government of India, and the Department of Science and Technology of the Government of India. About 100 participants were pleasantly confined at Fort Aguada, a resort cunningly built amongst the ruins of an old Portuguese fort. The conference program achieved an international flavor, recruiting scientists from many nations: India (naturally), Australia, Britain, Canada, Germany, Finland, France, Hungary, Japan, the Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland and the United States of America. The subjects discussed were as diverse as the countries represented.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book is intended for all members of the health care team who look after elderly people with diabetes mellitus. This includes specialist nurses in diabetes and care of the elderly, other nurses who might be involved with elderly diabetic patients, hospital doctors, general practitioners, dietitians, and other paramedical staff as well as students in these various disciplines. It is not an exhaustive text, but includes plenty of back ground references for those who wish to pursue a topic further. FOREWORD It has been said that old age is not so bad when you consider the alternative; but, fortunately on occasion symptoms attri buted to ageing are due to treatable disease. This useful book draws attention to diabetes mellitus, a common illness in elderly people, which can cause serious disability and should be diagnosed promptly and treated correctly. In this text the facts are well documented that the diagnosis may alarm old people and thus a full explanation must be given and the likely benefits of an adequate therapeutic regimen described. Drs Paul Knight and Colin Kesson are physicians intimately concerned with the day to day diagnosis and treatment of diabetes and they have enlisted the assistance of colleagues of outstanding ability, thus demonstrating the vital importance of teamwork in the control of this disease. 140 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book examines the potential of PV and the barriers that stand in its way. Photovolatic (PV) devices transform sunlight directly into electricity. They have been around for thirty years, doing exotic things like generating electricity for satellites in space. 332 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 208 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 240 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Contrary to popular belief, practice of physiotherapy with elderly patients is no easy option. In addition to grappling with the effects of multipathology it presents problems of accommodating to the patients' altering physiological state and the accumulating life events of older age. There are challenges of ethics in decision making. In therapeutic management it is sometimes hard to know where to begin, what to try, and when to stop or offer something eise. The work offers both satisfaction and despair, frustration and enormous interest. Despite the existence of many specialist textbooks on medicine and physiotherapy, it is widely feit there is a place for a basic guide to physiotherapy with elderly people. This book aims to provide guidance and insights based on the writers' experience, as weil as from the current literature. Good practice must be holistic in its breadth of knowledge and attitude to the individual, but meticulous in attention to detail in examination and treatment as for a patient of any age. 176 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 200 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -It is both a pleasure and a privilege to be invited to contribute a foreword to this book, which deserves - and needs - to be read by virtually everyone who is concerned with the treatment and subse quent welfare of the victims of severe injuries of the brain. Some friends, relatives and workmates might be helped by reading some parts of it, but, if the book has the effect it deserves to have on therapists, nurses, doctors, and others working in both hospitals and the community, these laymen will be suitably informed and assisted by one or more members of the necessarily large therapeutic team. The improvements in methods of resuscitation that have taken place during the last 40 years or so have abolished the previously fatalistic readiness to accept that a week or two in coma after a head injury was virtually a sentence to death from pneumonia. After it had become possible to save lives it gradually became clear that survival of the patient was not necessarily followed by recovery of the brain and that the price of success, in saving lives, was a popula tion of cerebral cripples that was increasing at the rate of 1000 or more a year throughout the country. Although this figure has remained about the same for more than 20 years, there has been a great improvement in the amount of interest, the standard of care and the quality of results that are being achieved. 152 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -InhaltsangabeStress and Coping at the Boundary of Work and Family.- Bringing Work Stress Home.- Occupational Stress and Marital Support.- Stress, Support, and Coping among Women Professionals with Preschool Children.- The Microstructure of Daily Role-Related Stress in Married Couples.- Single Parenthood and Employment Double Jeopardy .- Spillover between Work and Family.- Where Work and Family Meet.- Understanding the Individual and Family Effects of Unemployment.- Stress between Work and Family. 248 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In the current era of cost awareness and the pressure to free hospital beds as rapidly as possible, coupled with the move towards community care, there is increasing emphasis on returning and main taining disabled people in the community. Often, many health and welfare workers are involved in this process. Occupational therapists however have a particular role to play. Their training is such that they are able to assess and treat the physical, psychological and social aspects of a disabling condition. This enables them to help disabled people to achieve their maximum ability in the environment in which they live. Whether the occupational therapist is hospital or community based, employed by the health or social service depart ment, her caseload is often vast. The occupational therapist may specialize in a particular age group or disability, but it is more likely that she will have to work with a wide age range from the very young to the very old. Assessment of needs and the subsequent provision of equipment and adaptations is the greater part of the OT's job. Other aspects include counselling the disabled person and his family and planning future intervention must often, however reluctantly, be given a low priority. In spite of staff shotages occupa tional therapists are frequently called on to provide the client and other groups of workers with advice and information on all aspects of living with any disability. 140 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In the decade since the first edition of this book was published advances have been made in our knowledge of the fresh waters of the world, espe cially in understanding many of the processes involved in their functioning as systems and in countering the problems created by human activities. New problems too, many of an international nature, have loomed during this period-of which global warming and the acidification of fresh waters in many parts of the world are notable examples. In addition, much has now been published concerning the aquatic flora, fauna and ecology of previously poorly known geographic areas, notably Australasia. The second edition of this book is a revision which updates the text in the light of recent advances in our knowledge of freshwater biology. Inevitably, in an elementary volume such as this, the treatment of many of the basic principles and processes remains the same. However, several new sections are included covering a range of topics such as acid deposition and the acidification process, bacterial decomposition and aquaculture. The book includes many new references and suggestions for up-to-date reading in particular topics. The objective of the second edition remains the same as that of the first. It is intended as a basic introduction to the major aspects of freshwater biology at a level suitable for undergraduates. It should also prove useful, as apparently did the first edition, to professional workers in related fields, e.g. water engineers and chemists, aquaculturists and planners. 292 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Dr. Jack Fishman is a world-renowned scientific expert who has made some startling discoveries in the course of his research. Now he, along with journalist Robert Kalish, tackles today's most compelling environmental threats: the triple menace of high levels of ozone pollution, global warming, and the erosion of the ozone layer. 332 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book aims to demonstrate that legal complaints form the background for making business decisions and in the text legal principles are grouped according to their relevance to business. 252 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -'The author discusses ''police culture, agencies, and organization; the nature of criminals and how to control them; and the future of criminal justice. While he feels a well-functioning police system i' 312 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 628 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -My main reason for writing a book on the role of the autonomie nervous system in exereise is to present an integrative approach to exereise physiology. Traditional textbooks on exereise physiology use what might be deseribed as a systems approach. The inter relationships between the systems, and therefore ehapters, is often very diffieult for the undergraduate student to grasp. This is difficult enough for a student of physiology. The problem is exaeerbated for the sports seienee student who, in addition to studying applied physiology, is faeed with other major diseiplines as diverse as biomeehanies and soeiology. The present approach requires the reader to link areas of physiology in order to see how the major systems are all affeeted by autonomie neural eontrol during exercise. The autonomie nervous system has been used as the link between the physiologieal systems ehallenged by exercise, not only beeause of its importanee, but also beeause this seems to be an area whieh is given relatively little attention in tradition al textbooks of exereise physiology. 212 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is now an everyday occur rence in most general hospitals. Over the last two decades this therapeutic modality has been made so simple that it is no longer the province of the specialized surgeon or physician. Indeed, as with the management of chronic renal failure so now with short bowel disease, home parenteral nutrition has become a reality, though this still requires a specialist team dedicated to its management. Furthermore, as more patients will become suitable for home TPN treatment (either long term or short term) so better rationalization of (a) cost, (b) delivery systems and (c) patient training will be necessary. Lessons can be learnt from the somewhat diverse development of regular dialysis treatment in the early 1960s compared with the situation today. Here is a golden opportunity, with the UK National Registry, to rationalize on home TPN costs and to make sure the treatment is simplified and available to all those who may require this treatment. This book is not designed to be an overall comprehensive review of parenteral nutrition. It is meant to set out simple guidelines and the requirements for effective TPN both in hospital and at home. It is aimed at doctors in training, interested physicians and surgeons, nurses, dietitians and pharmacists. The purpose is to stimulate interest and aware ness, rather than to provide detailed 'small-print' information. For the person seeking greater knowledge, there are several excellent monographs on the subject. 192 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The philosophy of normalization and promotion of the plight of children and adults with mental handicaps has drawn more public attention in recent years. Governments in a number of countries have embarked upon policies involving the dosure of institutions, move ment of people with mental handicaps back into the community, and development of community-orientated programmes, although their reasons for this may be economically, rather than ideologically, motivated. Occupational therapists have moved into the community, along with other health professionals, in order to set up community services for people with mental handicaps. My own experience of working in a multidisciplinary team in Central London for 2V2 years, helping adults with mental handicaps to move out of an institution, has been a source of motivation to write this book. The amount of written material available on the occupational therapy approach to re settlement and de institutionalization is limited, in comparison with the massive amount of information written by, and for, other practitioners. Additionally, the number of texts written by and for occupational therapists with this dient group are few. Despite excellent support from OT colleagues, I experienced considerable frustration trying to define and perform my role, not helped by a shortage of texts to draw on. 288 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The practising paediatrician struggles to combat the effects of acute illness and disease in babies and older children. The pattem of hospital admissions has changed dramatically since I first qualified over 25 years ago. Neonatology is a relatively new branch of paediatrics and achievements in neonatal intensive care have been exciting and little short of astonishing. However, like the poor, children with chronic disabilities are always with us. Sadly, modern mainstream medical progressive thinkers regard as much less prestigious the work done in the field of 'handicap'. Thanks to inspirational paediatricians, like Ronnie McKeith, Trevor Wright and Ray Remboldt (great teachers all, and wise counsellors to leamers like myself), the needs of children with developmental disabilities have been highlighted. Moreover, the importance of a holistic approach to these children, their families and their teachers has been emphasized. In the Child Development Centre at Y ork, a multidisciplinary team attempts to define as accurately as possible the nature and severity of the problems facing a child, but the child's predicament and how to solve or alleviate it remains the key issue. A full team assessment which does not lead to any practical help for the child and bis farnily is merely an academic exercise and a disgrace to the many different professions involved. 184 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 352 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing: Theory and practice was conceived as a result of three major premises which, in the view of the editors, relate to the practice of psychiatric and mental health nursing. First, that high-quality psychiatric and mental health nursing can be practised only if it is under pinned by appropriate nursing theory. Secondly, that there exists a body of theory which can and should be applied to psychiatric and mental health nursing. Thirdly, that there is a need for a text which will assist teachers, students and clinicians to apply available nursing and borrowed theory to clinical practice. The general aim of this book is to introduce nursing students to a theory based approach to caring for people with psychiatric and mental health problems. The phrase psychiatric and mental health problems indicates that the text relates to clients with a psychiatric diagnosis, and also to those who have mental health problems but who do not necessarily have such a diagnosis. The client group to which the material in this text applies will include those who are, or have been, hospitalized and those in the community who have not been, and may never be, hospitalized. The intended readership is all students of psychiatric and mental health nursing issues, for example basic and post-basic nurses, and their teachers. 488 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 316 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book is written primarily for occupational therapists and occupational therapy students but will be of relevance to anyone working with clients with rheumatoid disease. It is hoped that the text will communicate the challenge faced by therapists to establish management programmes appropriate to the identified needs and priorities of the individuals with whom they work, the potential to utilize a wide range of skills and the opportunity to contribute to the understanding of the many unanswered questions which remain in relation to rheumatic diseases. The aim of this book is to present an holistic approach to the management of rheumatoid disease, considering first, the ways in which rheumatoid disease can affect a person's life and then looking at the approaches and techniques used by therapists to minimize these effects. This approach has been chosen as it is fundamental to both the philosophical basis of occupational therapy and the manage ment of a chronic progressive disease. An holistic approach considers the physical, psychological, social and spiritual aspects of a person and the ways in which these have been effected by an underlying disease process. Each of the components are interrelated, illustrating the complexity of establishing appropriate management programmes and evaluating their effectiveness. The first two chapters consider the effects of rheumatoid disease on clients and their families. An holistic approach identifies the need for a diversity of skills to be available to both the therapist and client. 216 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The stimulus for writing this book arose from the author's perception of a lack of available texts which adequately integrate the subjects of neuroanatomy and functional neurology with the practice of speech language pathology. This perception was gained from almost two decades of teaching in the areas of neuroanatomy and acquired neuro logical speech-language disorders to speech pathology students initially at the South Australian College of Advanced Education and, for the past five years, at the University of Queensland. Although a plethora of excellent texts devoted specifically to each of the subjects of neuroanatomy, neurology and aphasiology have been published, few have attemped to integrate these individual subject areas in such a way as to provide a more clear understanding of the neurological bases of clinically recognized forms of aphasia and motor speech disorders. In writing this text, I have attempted to provide a better balance between neuroanatomy-neurology and. speech-language pathology. Relevant areas of neuroanatomy and neurology are introduced and discussed in the context of specific speech and language disorders. In this way, I have aimed at providing a better link between the relevant neuroanatomical and neurological knowledge on the one hand, and specific neurologically based communication disorders on the other, in order to enhance the reader's understanding of the origins, course and prognosis of these disorders. Of course the writing of any book requires the support and encouragement of other people. This text was no exception. 360 pp. Englisch.