springer us apr 2012 (665 results)

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -Statistics is of ever-increasing importance in Science and Technology and this book presents the essentials of the subject in a form suitable either as the basis of a course of lectures or to be read and/or used on its own. It assumes very little in the way of mathematical knowledge-just the ability to substitute numerically in a few simple formulae. However, some mathematical proofs are outlined or given in full to illustrate the derivation of the subject; these can be omitted without loss of understanding. The book does aim at making clear the scope and nature of those essential tests and methods that a scientist or technologist is likely to need; to this end each chapter has been divided into sections with their own subheadings and some effort has been made to make the text unambiguous (if any reader finds a misleading point anywhere I hope he will write to me about it). Also with this aim in view, the equality of probability to proportion of population is stated early, then the normal distribution and the taking of samples is discussed. This occupies the first five chapters. With the principles of these chapters understood, the student can immediately learn the significance tests of Chapter 6 and, if he needs it, the analysis of variance of Chapter 7. For some scientists this will be most of what they need. Howcver, they will be in a position to read and/or use the remaining chapters without undue difficulty.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -Becoming a Food Scientist is designed as a reservoir of ideas for those beginning a graduate education in food science or beginning a professional career in the field. Although at times it may read as a how-to manual for success in graduate school, it is meant to encourage each reader to study the research process, to challenge conventional wisdom, and to develop a career path that maximizes the probability of success both in school and beyond. The author has viewed food science graduate programs through the lenses of programs at four universities and service in numerous activities with the Institute of Food Technologists. This book is thus focused on the field of food science, but it may have relevance to other scientific disciplines.The book introduces the concept of research as process in the first chapter. Subsequent chapters focus on individual unit operations of research: idea generation, problem definition, critical evaluation of the literature, method selection, experimental design, data collection, processing and analysis, and knowledge dissemination. Successful graduate students in food science must master each of these operations. The final section of the book pushes the reader beyond graduate school into its practice in the real world. Topics covered in the maturation of a food scientist include the scientific meeting, critical thinking, science and philosophy, ethics, finding and managing the literature, planning, grantsmanship, laboratory setup and management, and career development. This book should be a meaningful companion for any graduate student in the field and those transitioning from graduate school to the food science profession.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 180 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -This book shows amateur astronomers how to use one-shot CCD cameras, and how to get the best out of equipment that exposes all three color images at once. Because this book is specifically devoted to one-shot imaging, 'One-Shot Color Astronomical Imaging' begins by looking at all the basics - what equipment will be needed, how color imaging is done, and most importantly, what specific steps need to be followed after the one-shot color images are taken.What is one-shot color imaging Typically, astronomical cooled-chip CCD cameras record only one color at a time - rather like old-fashioned black & white cameras fitted with color filters. Three images are taken in sequence - in red, blue, and green light - and these are then merged by software in a PC to form a color image. Each of the three images must be taken separately through a suitable color filter, which means that the total exposure time for every object is more than tripled. When exposure times can run into tens of minutes or even hours for each of the three colors, this can be a major drawback for the time-pressed amateur.'One-Shot Color Astronomical Imaging' describes the most cost-effective and time-efficient way for any amateur astronomer to begin to photograph the deep-sky.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 212 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -The Andromeda Galaxy ż Messierżs M31 ż has an almost romantic appeal. It is the most distant object and the only extragalactic object that is visible to the unaided human eye. Now known to be about 2ż million light-years away, it appears in the sky to be several times the width of the full Moon under good seeing conditions. The Andromeda Galaxy and the Rise of Modern Astronomy examines the astronomical studies of Andromeda and its importance to our developing knowledge of the universe. The book discusses how M31 was described both by the Ancients, but more importantly, by astronomers from the nineteenth century to the present.While at the start of the twentieth century the universe was thought of as a finite cosmos dominated by the Milky Way, the study of Andromeda galaxy shattered that image, leading ultimately to the conception of an infinite universe of countless galaxies and vast distances. Even today, M31 is a major focal point for new astronomical discoveries, and it also remains one of the most popular (and rewarding) celestial objects for amateur astronomers to observe and study. This book reveals the little-known history of M31 and the scientists who study it.For all who are interested in astronomy, the skies, and perhaps even the origins of the universe, The Andromeda Galaxy and the Rise of Modern Astronomy provides a first-of-its-kind accessible, informative, and highly readable account of how the study and observation of this celestial object has driven the development of astronomy from ancient times to the present.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 284 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -żżżProgressives need a balanced federal budget morethan Conservatives, because they believe that government has an important role toplay in modern life. Lack of a long term plan to move toward a sustainablebudget crowds out short term Progressive priorities: infrastructure spendinggreen technology, education and needed governmental interventions in the shortterm to support and improve our weak economy. The federal budget is unsustainable. For all the bluster of the debt ceilingdebate, the plan passed so far does not address the changes most obviouslyneeded if we are to ever have a balanced budget again: an increase in taxes andthe next steps on health reform to address the biggest driver of our long termbudget deficit, health care costs.Slowing the rate at which health care costs are growing is a necessary, but nota sufficient condition to developing a long range balanced budget. You shouldask any politician saying they think a balanced budget is a priority onequestion: what is your health reform plan Without one, they have no hope ofachieving their goal. This book offers progressives solutions to health care reform and a balanced budget, and will be of interest to academics, students and educated readers interested in politics, public policy andgovernment finance.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 124 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -This is a compact mtroduction to some of the pnncipal tOpICS of mathematical logic . In the belief that beginners should be exposed to the most natural and easiest proofs, I have used free-swinging set-theoretic methods. The significance of a demand for constructive proofs can be evaluated only after a certain amount of experience with mathematical logic has been obtained. If we are to be expelled from 'Cantor's paradise' (as nonconstructive set theory was called by Hilbert), at least we should know what we are missing. The major changes in this new edition are the following. (1) In Chapter 5, Effective Computability, Turing-computabIlity IS now the central notion, and diagrams (flow-charts) are used to construct Turing machines. There are also treatments of Markov algorithms, Herbrand-Godel-computability, register machines, and random access machines. Recursion theory is gone into a little more deeply, including the s-m-n theorem, the recursion theorem, and Rice's Theorem. (2) The proofs of the Incompleteness Theorems are now based upon the Diagonalization Lemma. Lob's Theorem and its connection with Godel's Second Theorem are also studied. (3) In Chapter 2, Quantification Theory, Henkin's proof of the completeness theorem has been postponed until the reader has gained more experience in proof techniques. The exposition of the proof itself has been improved by breaking it down into smaller pieces and using the notion of a scapegoat theory. There is also an entirely new section on semantic trees.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 356 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -This year, Orbis Scientiae 1976, dedicated to the Bicentennial of the United States of America, was devoted entirely to recent developments in high energy These proceedings contain nearly all of the physics. papers presented at Orbis, held at the Center for Theoretical Studies, University of Miami, during January 19-22, 1976. The organization of Orbis this year was due mainly to the moderators of the sessions, principally Sydney Meshkov, Murray Gell-Mann, Yoichiro Nambu, Glennys Farrar, Fred Zachariasen and Behram Kursunoglu, who was also chairman of the conference. The coherence of the various sessions is due to their efforts, and special thanks are due to Sydney Meshkov who was responsible for coor dinating many.of the efforts of the moderators and for including essentially all of the frontier developments in high energy physics. Because of the number of papers and their integrated length, it has been necessary to divide these proceedings into two volumes. An effort has been made to divide the material in the two volumes into fundamental questions (including the appearance of magnetic charge in particle physics) and recent high energy results and attendant phenomenology. These volumes were prepared by Mrs. Helga Billings, Mrs. Elva Brady and Ms. Yvonne Leber, and their dedication and skill are gratefully acknowledged. Their efforts v PREFACE during Orbis were supplemented by those of Mrs. Jacquelyn Zagursky, with our appreciation. The ~hoto graphs were taken by Ms. Shirley Busch.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 420 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -This year, Orbis Scientiae 1976, dedicated to the Bicentennial of the United States of America, was devoted entirely to recent developments in high energy physics. These proceedings contain nearly all of the papers presented at Orbis, held at the Center for Theoretical Studies, University of Miami, during January 19-22, 1976. The organization of Orbis this year was due mainly to the moderators of the sessions, principally Sydney Meshkov, Murray Gell-Mann, Yoichiro Nambu, Glennys Farrar, Fred Zachariasen and Behram Kursunoglu, who was also chairman of the conference. The coherence of the various sessions is due to their efforts, and special thanks are due to Sydney Meshkov who was responsible for coor dinating many of the efforts of the moderators and for including essentially all of the frontier developments in high energy physics. Because of the number of papers and their integrated length, it has been necessary to divide these proceedings into two volumes. An effort has been made to divide the material in the two volumes into fundamental questions (including the appearance of magnetic charge in particle physics) and recent high energy results and attendant ppenomenology. These volumes were prepared by Mrs. Helga Billings, Mrs. Elva Brady and Ms. Yvonne Leber, and their dedication and skill are gratefully acknowledged. Their efforts v PREFACE during Orbis were supplemented by those of Mrs. Jacquelyn Zagursky, with our appreciation. The photo graphs were taken by Ms. Shirley Busch.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 424 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -Antifreeze Solutions in Home Fire Sprinkler Systems examines the usage of antifreeze solutions in residential sprinklers, and analyzes their effectiveness in controlling a fire condition and aiding in containment. The book also investigates the possibility of a large-scale ignition occurring from solutions of varying mixtures, and proposes the optimal ones for reducing flammability.Antifreeze Solutions in Home Fire Sprinkler Systems is designed for practitioners as a reference guide for handling antifreeze solutions in residential sprinkler systems. Researchers working in a related field will also find the book valuable.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 56 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -1. UV/Ozone Cleaning of Surfaces.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Variables of UV/Ozone Cleaning.- 2.1. The Wavelengths Emitted by the UV Sources.- 2.2. Distance between the Sample and the UV Source.- 2.3. The Contaminants.- 2.4. The Precleaning.- 2.5. The Substrate.- 2.6. Rate Enhancement Techniques.- 3. The Mechanism of UV/Ozone Cleaning.- 4. UV/Ozone Cleaning in Vacuum Systems.- 5. Safety Considerations.- 6. UV/Ozone Cleaning Facility Construction.- 7. Applications.- 8. Effects Other Than Cleaning.- 8.1. Oxidation.- 8.2. UV-Enhanced Outgassing.- 8.3. Other Surface/Interface Effects.- 8.4. Etching.- 9. Summary and Conclusions.- References and Notes.- 2. Techniques for Cleaning Liquid Surfaces.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Origin of Dynamic Liquid Surface Phenomena.- 3. The Notion of Surface Cleanliness.- 4. The History of Clean Surfaces.- 5. The Nature of Surface Contamination.- 6. Cleaning Techniques.- 6.1. Primary Distillation.- 6.2. Further Distillation.- 6.3. Bubble Cleaning.- 6.4. Surface Skimming and Talc Cleaning.- 6.5. Solid Adsorption Techniques.- 6.6. Laser Burning.- 6.7. Solution Preparation.- 6.8. Surface Cleaning in Engineering Applications.- 7. Materials for Clean-Surface Experiments.- 7.1. Principles.- 7.2. Construction of Apparatus.- 7.3. Water Storage Materials.- 8. Cleaning of Apparatus.- 8.1. żHardż MaterialsżChromic Acid.- 8.2. PerspexżDetergents.- 9. General Design Considerations.- 10. Summary.- References.- 3. Hydroson Cleaning of Surfaces.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Hydroson System.- 3. Experimental Investigation of Mechanisms in the Tank.- 4. Commercial Applications of Hydroson Cleaning.- 5. Safety and Economy.- 6. Recent Developments.- 6.1. Wire Cleaning.- 6.2. Coil Strip Cleaning.- 6.3. Barrel Cleaning and Rinsing.- 6.4. Cleaning Molds in the Glass Industry.- 6.5. Nuclear Industry.- 6.6. Phosphating.- 6.7. Electrodeposition.- 7. Size and Cost of Equipment.- 8. Comparison with Ultrasonic and Megasonic Cleaning.- 9. Conclusion.- References.- 4. Methods of Measurement of Ionic Surface Contamination.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Ionic Measurement.- 3. Static Extraction Methods.- 3.1. Eganżs Method.- 3.2. Method of Hobson and DeNoon.- 3.3. Omega Meter.- 3.4. Ion Chaser.- 3.5. Contaminometer.- 4. Dynamic Extraction Method-Ionograph.- 5. Applications of Ionic Contamination Measurements.- 6. Future Prospects.- 7. Summary.- References.- 5. Characterization of Surface Contaminants by Luminescence Using Ultraviolet Excitation.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Luminescence Technique for Surface Detection.- 3. Applications.- 3.1. The Use of UV żBlack Lightż for Surface Detection.- 3.2. Study of Workersż Skin Contamination by the żSkin-Washż Method.- 3.3. The Fiberoptic Luminoscope for Monitoring Occupational Skin Contamination.- 3.4. Detection of Surface Contamination with the Spill Spotter.- 3.5. Remote Sensing with Laser-Based Fluorosensors.- 3.6. A Fluorescent Tracer Detection Technique.- 3.7. Studies of Absorption of Carcinogenic Materials into Mouse Skin.- 3.8. Chromogenic and Fluorogenic Spot Test Techniques.- 3.9. Sensitized Fluorescence Spot Tests.- 3.10. Surface Detection by Room Temperature Phosphorimetry.- 4. Conclusion.- References.- 6. Particulate Surface Contamination and Device Failures.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Sources of Particulate Contamination.- 2.1. Air.- 2.2. Chemicals.- 2.3. Gases.- 2.4. Wafer Handling.- 3. Effects on Device Performance.- 3.1. Particulate Contamination on Photomasks.- 3.2. Epitaxial Growth.- 3.3. Failure Mechanism in MOS Gate Oxides.- 3.4. Impurity Contamination in Silicon.- 4. Summary.- References.- 7. Effect of Surface Contamination on the Performance of HVDC Insulators.- 1. Introduction.- 2. General Overview of the Flashover Process.- 3. Deposition of Particles.- 3.1. Introduction.- 3.2. The Electrical Environment.- 3.3. Charging Mechanisms.- 3.4. Particle Deposition Rates.- 4. Deposition of Moisture.- 5. Thermal Processes.- 6. Localized Electrical Breakdown.- 7. Discharge Growth.- 7.1. Introduction.- 7.2. Extinction Theories.- 7.3. Effect of Polarity.- 7.4. Effect of Voltage Waveform.- 7.5. Effect of the Composition of the Conducting Layer.- 7.6. Effect of Ambient Pressure.- 7.7. Effect of Ambient Temperature.- 7.8. Effect of Ambient Gas.- 8. Test Methods to Evaluate Insulator Performance.- 9. Prevention of Flashover.- 9.1. Deposition of Contamination.- 9.2. Deposition of Moisture.- 9.3. Dry-Band Formation and Electric Field Concentration.- 9.4. Localized Electrical Breakdown across the Dry Band.- 9.5. Discharge Growth.- 10. Conclusions and Future Prospects.- References.- 8. Effect of Surface Contamination on Electric Contact Performance.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Sources of Contamination.- 2.1. Oxidation and Corrosion.- 2.2. Particulates.- 2.3. Thermal Diffusion.- 2.4. Fretting.- 2.5. Manufacturing Processes.- 2.6. Outgassing and Condensation on Contact Surfaces of Volatiles from Noncontact Materials.- 3. Effects of Contamination.- 3.1. Direct.- 3.2. Indirect.- 4. Contact Resistance Probes for the Detection and Characterization of Contamination.- 4.1. Description of Probes.- 4.2. Determination of Contact Resistance.- 4.3. Modes of Operation.- 5. Summary.- References.- 9. The Role of Surface Contaminants in the Solid-State Welding of Metals.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Role of Contaminants in Preventing Solid-State Welds.- 3. Classification of Surface Contaminants.- 3.1. Inorganic Films.- 3.2. Organic Contaminants.- 3.3. Particulate Contaminants.- 4. Role of Contaminant Properties.- 4.1. Inorganic Films.- 4.2. Organic Films.- 4.3. Particulate Contaminants.- 5. Mechanisms for Elimination of Surface Barriers during Solid-State Welding.- 5.1. Thermal Mechanisms Occurring during Diffusion Welding.- 5.2. Deformation Welding.- 5.2.1. Mechanical Mechanisms.- 5.2.2. Thermal Mechanisms.- 6. Surface Preparation.- 7. Concluding Remarks.- References.- 10. Surface Contamination and Contact Electrification.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Types of Contaminants.- 2.1. Adsorbed Mole.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -Early one morning in April of 1987, the Chinese mathematician J. -Q. Zhong died unexpectedly of a heart attack in New York. He was then near the end of a one-year visit in the United States. When news of his death reached his Chinese-American friends, it was immediately decided by one and all that something should be done to preserve his memory. The present volume is an outgrowth of this sentiment. His friends in China have also established a Zhong Jia-Qing Memorial Fund, which has since twice awarded the Zhong Jia-Qing prizes for Chinese mathematics graduate students. It is hoped that at least part of the reasons for the esteem and affection in which he was held by all who knew him would come through in the succeeding pages of this volume. The three survey chapters by Li and Treibergs, Lu, and Siu (Chapters 1-3) all center around the areas of mathematics in which Zhong made noteworthy contributions. In addition to putting Zhong's mathematical contributions in perspective, these articles should be useful also to a large segment of the mathematical community; together they give a coherent picture of a sizable portion of contemporary geometry. The survey of Lu differs from the other two in that it gives a firsthand account of the work done in the People's Republic of China in several complex variables in the last four decades.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 500 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -Although 5-fluorouracil (Fura) is the drug of choice for the treat ment of patients with advanced colorectal cancer, this agent has limited effectiveness with a reported response rate of 10-20% and a duration of response of only 6-9 months. The large percentage of treatment failures with this agent has spurred a continuing effort to delineate the mechanism(s) of resistance to Fura and to evaluate approaches that would selectively modulate the therapeutic efficacy of this agent. The therapeutic efficacy of FUra has been attributed to its selec tive incorporation into RNA and to its inhibition of thymidylate syn thase, leading to potent inhibition of DNA synthesis. Studies of cell lines in vitro and model systems in vivo have demonstrated that although mechanism~sensitivity and resistanc; to Fura are multifactorial, in the presence of citrovorum factor (CF, 5-formyltetrahydrofolate) the site of action of Fura becomes predominantly the pronounced and pro longed inhibition of thymidylate synthase. This action is the result of stabilization of the covalent ternary complex between FdUMP, an active metabolite of FUra, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolates, and thymidylate synthase. This effect of CF is thus an example of the concept of meta bolic modulation.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 352 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -It is now generally recognized that the field of combinatorics has, over the past years, evolved into a fully-fledged branch of discrete mathematics whose potential with respect to computers and the natural sciences is only beginning to be realized. Still, two points seem to bother most authors: The apparent difficulty in defining the scope of combinatorics and the fact that combinatorics seems to consist of a vast variety of more or less unrelated methods and results. As to the scope of the field, there appears to be a growing consensus that combinatorics should be divided into three large parts: (a) Enumeration, including generating functions, inversion, and calculus of finite differences; (b) Order Theory, including finite posets and lattices, matroids, and existence results such as Hall's and Ramsey's; (c) Configurations, including designs, permutation groups, and coding theory. The present book covers most aspects of parts (a) and (b), but none of (c). The reasons for excluding (c) were twofold. First, there exist several older books on the subject, such as Ryser [1] (which I still think is the most seductive introduction to combinatorics), Hall [2], and more recent ones such as Cameron-Van Lint [1] on groups and designs, and Blake-Mullin [1] on coding theory, whereas no compre hensive book exists on (a) and (b).Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 492 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -Second order equations with nonnegative characteristic form constitute a new branch of the theory of partial differential equations, having arisen within the last 20 years, and having undergone a particularly intensive development in recent years. An equation of the form (1) is termed an equation of second order with nonnegative characteristic form on a set G, kj if at each point x belonging to G we have a (xHk~j ~ 0 for any vector ~ = (~l' . '~m)' In equation (1) it is assumed that repeated indices are summed from 1 to m, and x = (x l' żżż , x ). Such equations are sometimes also called degenerating m elliptic equations or elliptic-parabolic equations. This class of equations includes those of elliptic and parabolic types, first order equations, ultraparabolic equations, the equations of Brownian motion, and others. The foundation of a general theory of second order equations with nonnegative characteristic form has now been established, and the purpose of this book is to pre sent this foundation. Special classes of equations of the form (1), not coinciding with the well-studied equations of elliptic or parabolic type, were investigated long ago, particularly in the paper of Picone [105], published some 60 years ago.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 268 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -The topics in this book represent the presentations given at the Fifth Annual Meeting entitled 'Cardiac Surgery: Current Issues' held at the Frenchman's Reef Beach Resort, St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands, November 18-20, 1993. This symposium was sponsored by the Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the School of Cardiovascular Perfusion and the Department of Nursing Education and Quality Assurance of Cooper Hospital/University Medical Center, the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Camden, New Jersey, as well as the Academy of Medicine of New Jersey. Chapter authors were charged with the task of writing brief overviews of major issues related to the field of cardiac surgery. The book is specifically tailored to the needs of cardiothoracic surgeons, cardiovascular perfusion ists, allied health professionals and nursing personnel involved in all phases of caring for the cardiac surgical patient. Although intended as a reference source with emphasis on up-dated approaches applied in cardiac surgery, it is hoped that the discussion of these topiCS will compliment other texts and manuscripts. Obviously, a book of this length cannot cover the whole multidisciplinary and complex field of cardiac surgery. However, co-editors are certain that the annual appearance of this text will highlight comprehensive, new and Interesting approaches to the field of cardiac surgery.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 208 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -At 8:15 A.M., August 6, 1945, the Enola Gay released her load. For forty three seconds, the world's first atomic bomb plunged through six miles of clear air to its preset detonation altitude. There it exploded, destroying Hiroshima and eighty thousand of her citizens. No war had ever seen such instant devastation. Within nine days Japan surrendered. World War II was over and a nuclear arms race had begun. Fifty years later, the National Air and Space Museum was in the final stages of preparing an exhibition on the Enola Gay's historic mission when eighty-one members of Congress angrily demanded cancellation of the planned display and the resignation or dismissal of the museum's director. The Smithsonian tnstitution, of which the National Air and Space Museum is a part, is heavily dependent on congressional funding. The Institution's chief executive, Smithsonian Secretary I. Michael Heyman, in office only four months at the time, scrapped the exhibit as requested, and promised to personally oversee a new display devoid of any historic context. In the wake of that decision I resigned as the museum's director and left the Smithsonian.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 504 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -Some 10 years ago, Leo Apostel presented an analysis of developments taking place in genetic epistemology and artificial intelligence, and re marked that the two disciplines appeared to be converging, without one dominating or assimilating the other. In his view, significant formal and experimental progress would be required in the post-Piagetian era: ge netic epistemology would need to take into account developments in artificial intelligence, while remaining an independent discipline at the frontiers of biology, logic, and psychology. The work of David Leiser and Christiane Gillieron, both psychol ogists with a Genevan training who are concerned by the procedural aspects of intelligence, is an important contribution. Their studies, which open up new theoretical perspectives, are carried out with metic ulous attention to research methodology. Going beyond merely ad dressing criticisms about the status of Piagetian operational structures, their work will help fill the gap between genetic epistemology and cog nitive science.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 220 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -Language Interpretation and Communication: a NATO Symposium, was a multi-disciplinary meeting held from September 26 to October 1st 1977 at the Giorgio Cini Foundation on the Isle of San Giorgio Maggiore in Venice. The Symposium explored both applied and theoretical aspects of conference interpre tation and of sign language interpretation. The Symposium was sponsored by the Scientific Affairs Division of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, and we would like to express our thanks to Dr. B. A. Bayrakter of the Scientific Affairs Division and to the Members of the NATO Special Programme Panel on Human Factors for their support. We would also like to thank Dr. F. Benvenutti and his colleagues at the University of Venice for their generous provision of facilities and hospitality for the opening session of the Symposium. Our thanks are also due to Dr. Ernesto Talentino and his colleagues at the Giorgio Cini Foundation who provided such excellent conference facilities and thus helped ensure the success of the meeting. Finally, we would like to express our appreciation and thanks to Becky Graham and Carol Blair for their invaluable contributions to the organization of the Symposium, to Ida Stevenson who prepared these proceedings for publication, and to Donald I. MacLeod who assisted with the final preparation of the manuscript.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 440 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -Machine learning and nonparametric function estimation procedures can be effectively used in forecasting. One important and current application is used to make forecasts of żfuture dangerousness' to inform criminal justice decision. Examples include the decision to release an individual on parole, determination of the parole conditions, bail recommendations, and sentencing. Since the 1920s, 'risk assessments' of various kindshave been used in parole hearings, but the current availability of large administrative data bases, inexpensive computing power, and developments in statistics and computer science have increased their accuracy and applicability.In this book, these developments are considered with particular emphasis on the statistical and computer science tools, under the rubric of supervised learning, that can dramatically improve these kinds of forecasts in criminal justice settings. The intended audience is researchers in the social sciences and data analysts in criminal justice agencies.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 128 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware - The first ACS Adhesion Symposium was held in Washington, D.C., September 1971. During the four years since that meeting, much interest in adhesion has been generated among six divisions of the American Chemical Society. Then, in 1974, the Macromolecular Secretariat appointed me to work closely with the six Session chairmen in organizing this Symposium on Science and Technology of Adhesion. Needless to say, the success of the Symposium which took place between April 7 and 10, 1975 in Philadelphia, Pa., is due to their excellent cooperation and the enthusiastic response of con tributors. As originally planned, each division was responsible for one session, and most of the papers, including several late con tributions, are published in these two volumes of proceedings. During the Symposium, we held a banquet in honor of Professor Herman Mark in celebration of his eightieth birthday. His Plenary Lecture and the Symposium Address by Professor Murray Goodman are published in full at the beginning of the first volume. I thank Professors Mark and Goodman for their excellent presentations on this memorable occasion.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware - Examination of the tables of contents of journals - biochemical, molecular biological, ultrastructural, and physiological-provides convincing evidence that membrane biology will be in the 1970s what biochemical genetics was in the 1960s. And for good reason. If genetics is the mechanism for main taining and transmitting the essentials of life, membranes are in many ways the essence of life. The minimal requirement for independent existence is the individualism provided by the separation of 'life' from the environment. The cell exists by virtue of its surface membran~. One might define the first living organism as that stage of evolution where macromolecular catalysts or self-reproducing polymers were first segregated from the surrounding milieu by a membrane. Whether that early membrane resembled present cell membranes is irrelevant. What matters is that a membrane would have provided a mechanism for maintaining a local concentration of molecules, facilitating chemical evolution and allowing it to evolve into biochemical evolution. That or yet more primitive membranes, such as a hydrocarbon monolayer at an air-water interface, could also have provided a surface that would facilitate the aggregation and specific orientation of molecules and catalyze their interactions. If primitive membranes were much more than mere passive barriers to free diffusion, how much more is this true of the membranes of contemporary forms of life. A major revolution in biological thought has been the recogni tion that the cell, and especially the eukaryotic cell, is a bewildering maze of membranes and membranous organelles.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware - This volume is the third in the Contemporary Geriatric Medicine series. As in previous volumes, information is presented in the form of easy-to read essays to bring the reader up to date on state-of-the-art develop ments in the area of geriatric medicine. Once again, a system approach is utilized. In addition, several new topics-including alcoholism, throm boembolic disease, and decubitus ulcer management-have been intro duced to enhance this volume's usefulness to the busy clinician and student. Each chapter is not meant to be an exhaustive review of all topics in the field, but rather to focus on issues currently receiving a great deal of attention. Our goal continues to be to create an exciting approach to contemporary issues in geriatric medicine. The editors are once again appreciative for having been given the opportunity to develop this series. Appreciation is also expressed to our professional colleagues, families, and administrative assistants, who have enabled this volume to reach fruition. As in the past, we thank, most of all, our elderly patients for providing the inspiration and impetus to improve our knowledge and understanding of the health care needs of the elderly. Steven R. Gambert, M.D. V alhalla, New York ix Contents Chapter 1 Geriatric Cardiology and Blood Pressure 1 Edmund H. Duthie, Jr., and Michael H. Keelan, Jr.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -Students embarking upon a colour chemistry course usually approach it by way of a general introduction and proceed to more detailed treatment of the subject when they have acquired some knowledge of its character and scope. This book has been written with the twofold purpose of serving as a guide to such students during the introductory part of their course and of supplying the needs in this field of others whose main interest is in a related branch of technology or pure chemistry. An attempt has been made to present the main features of the subject in an easily assimilable form. The great amount of published information renders the choice of material for a short book somewhat difficult, and I am keenly conscious of topics that might be thought worthy of more extensive treatment. However, a concise account cannot be comprehensive, and suggestions for further reading are provided at the end of the book. The chemistry of colouring matters can be regarded as a branch of pure chemistry, but the development of knowledge in this field has followed a course determined chiefly by the applications of dyes and pigments. It has therefore appeared appropriate to treat the subject here as a branch of technology.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 352 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -This research monograph summarizes a line of research that mapscertain classical problems of discrete mathematics and operationsresearch - such as the Hamiltonian Cycle and the Travelling SalesmanProblems - into convex domains where continuum analysis can be carriedout. Arguably, the inherent difficulty of these, now classical,problems stems precisely from the discrete nature of domains in whichthese problems are posed. The convexification of domains underpinningthese results is achieved by assigning probabilistic interpretation tokey elements of the original deterministic problems. In particular,the approaches summarized here build on a technique that embedsHamiltonian Cycle and Travelling Salesman Problems in a structuredsingularly perturbed Markov decision process. The unifying idea is tointerpret subgraphs traced out by deterministic policies (includingHamiltonian cycles, if any) as extreme points of a convex polyhedron in a space filled with randomized policies.The above innovative approach has now evolved to the point where thereare many, both theoretical and algorithmic, results that exploit thenexus between graph theoretic structures and both probabilistic andalgebraic entities of related Markov chains. The latter includemoments of first return times, limiting frequencies of visits tonodes, or the spectra of certain matrices traditionally associatedwith the analysis of Markov chains. However, these results andalgorithms are dispersed over many research papers appearing injournals catering to disparate audiences. As a result, the publishedmanuscripts are often written in a very terse manner and use disparatenotation, thereby making it difficult for new researchers to make use of the many reported advances.Hence the main purpose of this book is to present a concise and yeteasily accessible synthesis of the majority of the theoretical andalgorithmicresults obtained so far. In addition, the book discussesnumerous open questions and problems that arise from this body of workand which are yet to be fully solved. The approach casts theHamiltonian Cycle Problem in a mathematical framework that permitsanalytical concepts and techniques, not used hitherto in this context,to be brought to bear to further clarify both the underlyingdifficulty of NP-completeness of this problem and the relativeexceptionality of truly difficult instances. Finally, the material isarranged in such a manner that the introductory chapters require verylittle mathematical background and discuss instances of graphs with interesting structures that motivated a lot of the research in this topic.More difficult results are introduced later and are illustrated withnumerous examples.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 216 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -Origin, Scope, and Plan of this Book In July 1962 the fiftieth anniversary of Max von Laue's discovery of the Diffraction of X-rays by crystals is going to be celebrated in Munich by a large international group of crystallographers, physi cists, chemists, spectroscopists, biologists, industrialists, and many others who are employing the methods based on Laue's discovery for their own research. The invitation for this celebration will be issued jointly by the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, where the discovery was made, by the Bavarian Academy of Sciences, where it was first made public, and by the International Union of Crystallo graphy, which is the international organization of the National Committees of Crystallography formed in some 30 countries to repre sent and advance the interests of the 3500 research workers in this field. The year 1912 also is the birth year of two branches of the physical sciences which developed promptly from Laue's discovery, namely X-ray Crystal Structure Analysis which is most closely linked to the names ofW. H. (Sir William) Bragg and W. L. (Sir Lawrence) Bragg, and X-ray Spectroscopy which is associated with the names of W. H. Bragg, H. G. J. Moseley, M. de Broglie and Manne Siegbahn. Crystal Structure Analysis began in November 1912 with the first papers ofW. L. Bragg, then still a student in Cambridge, in which, by analysis of the Laue diagrams _of zinc blende, he determined the correct lattice upon which the structure of this crystal is built.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 740 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -A number of apparently unrelated phenomena in biological systems (e.g., biopolymer aggregation, cell-cell interactions, ion transport across membranes) arise from the special properties of charged surfaces. A sym posium entitled 'Electrical Double Layers in Biology', which took place at the Toronto meeting of the Electrochemical Society, 12-17 May 1985, focused on the common features of these phenomena. The papers presented at that symposium are collected here and they illustrate ways in which an under standing of electrical double layers can elucidate a problem in Biology. An example of this approach can be seen from the paper I presented on ion transport and excitation, where the 'unusual' ion flows during nerve excitation are actually expected if one includes the effects of electrical double layers at membrane surfaces. Furthermore, the selectivity of the ion channels in these membranes can be better understood on this basis. Other presentations account for such observations as the changes in spacing between muscle proteins during contraction, the interactions of red cells to form rouleaux, the electrical properties of algal cell membranes, electrokinetic potentials during blood flow in arteries, etc. I trust that these papers will indicate the value of electrochemistry in the study of biological systems, an area of research usually called Bioelectrochemistry, and will encourage biologists to use these ideas when approaching related problems.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 328 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -In the past fifteen years organic photochemistry has undergone a greater change and has stimulated more interest than probably any other area of organic chemistry. What has resulted is a population explosion, that is, an ever-increasing number of organic chemists are publishing important and exciting research papers in this area. Professor Bryce-Smith in the introduc tion to a recent volume of the Specialist Periodical Report (Photochemistry, Volume 6), which reviews the photochemical literature in yearly intervals, states that 'the flood of photochemical literature is showing some signs of abatement from the high levels of two or three years ago . ' However, Volume 6 of that periodical contains 764 pages of excellent but very concise reviews. We expect the development of the mechanistic aspects of organic photo chemistry to continue at the present pace as new methods are developed to probe in increasing detail and shorter time scales the photochemical dynamics of both old and new photoreactions. Since photochemistry is no longer the sole domain of the specialist, it is relatively safe to predict a dramatic increase in the near future of the synthetic and industrial uses of organic photo chemistry .Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 604 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -The Sixth Army Materials Technology Conference, IICeramics for High Performance Applications-II I-Reliabilityll , was co-sponsored by the Army Materials and Mechanics Research Center and the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Transportation Programs . The program highlighted all issues relevant to the reliability of ceramics in advanced systems. The conference emphasized programmatic reviews of the major efforts on ceramic gas turbine technology, on an international basis. The conference showed how ceramic design, materials development, materials processing, NDE, and component systems testing are being integrated and iterated in specific engine development programs . Further , the conference promoted inter change among the various technical disciplines working in the advanced turbine and heat engine areas. This volume will join its earlier companions, Ceramics for High Performance A lications (1974), and Ceramics for High Performance Applications-II 1 7 ,in chronicling the rapid progress being made in the applicaton of ceramics to the very demanding service environ ment of gas turbine and piston engines. At the last meeting of this series at Newport, R t, in March 1977, successful high temperature tests of ceramic components in test rigs were described.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 844 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -Each gem deposit-whether of primary origin in the parent rocks; or secondary as alluvial placers in valley floors, river gravels, or the sand of oceanic shelves presents an eloquent chronicle of the Earth's life story. It reveals to the expert the prodigious processes which formed the present crust of our planet, of which this volume discloses a small but exciting detail. The materials of the Earth's crust are the rocks. In this book, the author expounds on how they were formed, why they altered, why they became the cradles of precious gemstones, how they are categorized, and how they are now exploited by man. What initiates the growth of gemstones How do they crystallize Why do gemstones of the same species, originating from different sources, vary What causes the occurrence of varieties Why do diamonds, unlike other precious stones, occur not near the Earth's surface in its crust, but deep down beneath it in the upper mantle These are only a few of the entrancing subjects discussed in this enlightening volume. The reader learns that the Earth is surprisingly alive and altering constantly-sometimes through slow and equable changes and at times by violent and tremendous cataclysms, events from which gemstones issue.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 164 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Neuware -As traced by Uichael Bradbury in his recently published monograph, The Concept of a BZood-Brain Barrier, the idea of a scientific challenge is just about as old as the twentieth century. Curiously, it remains undefined. Is it a structure or structures as some use the term, or is it a reciprocal per meability, a force-flow relationship, as do others, or is it a group of processes, some more specialized than others Depend ing upon the observer, the method, and what is observed, it seems to be each of these or all. This Symposium takes as its focus of interest the micro vasculature of the brain and includes considerations of blood flow, the properties of vessel walls and the control of flow and permeability. In addition perturbations that change the characteristics of the flow of materials are given attention. By changing the usual focus of interest, the organizers, Drs. Suddith and Eisenberg, have given a fresh outlook to the subject and now, by publication of the Proceedings, have arranged for wide availability of these interesting papers. Keasley Welch v PREFACE A symposium on the cerebral microvasculature and its function in the blood-brain barrier was held at The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, in the summer of 1979. Investigators from the United States and Europe met to discuss their recent work.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 364 pp. Englisch.