Skuhrav M (3 results)

Die Gallen , die wir auf verschiedenen Pflanzen beobachten k?nnen, sind Kinderstuben bestimmter Insektenarten. Durch chemische, von den Eiern ausgehende Einfl?sse wird das Pflanzengewebe zur Bildung der Wohnung angeregt, in der sich gleichzeitig die Larven von den Stoffen, die die Pflanze durch Photosynthese f?r ihr eigenes Wachstum assimilierte, ern?hren. Manche Arten leben in der Galle in Symbiose mit einem auf der Pflanze parasitierenden Pilz, dessen Myzel die Innenw?nde der Galle auskleidet. Inquiline Gallm?ckenlarven von Arten, die zur Gallenbildung unf?hig sind, leben wieder parasitisch in den Gallen anderer Arten. Es gibt kaum ein Lebewesen, sei es Pflanze oder Tier, das nicht wieder anderen Lebewesen als Wohn- oder Entwicklungsst?tte diente. Besonders auch beim Studium der zahllosen Gallm?ckenarten, von denen jede sich auf eine besondere Pflanzenart spezialisiert hat, kommt uns dies zum Bewu?tsein. Das Prinzip aller Lebewesen, sich zu behaupten und auszubreiten, l??t in den einzelnen Arten und Individuen die kompliziertesten Instinktabl?ufe entstehen. um sich an die Umwelt, in diesem Falle den Wirt, der ihnen die organischen Substanzen zur Ern?hrung der Larven liefert, anzupassen und Widerst?nde zu ?berwinden, die sich der Erhaltung der Art entgegenstellen. The galls that we can observe on various plants are nurseries for certain insect species. Chemical influences from the eggs stimulate the plant tissue to form a home in which the larvae feed on the substances that the plant assimilated through photosynthesis for its own growth. Some species live in the gall in symbiosis with a fungus that is parasitic on the plant and whose mycelium lines the inner walls of the gall. Inquiline gall midge larvae from species that are incapable of forming galls live parasitically in the galls of other species. There is hardly a living creature, be it plant or animal, that does not serve as a home or place of development for other living creatures. We become particularly aware of this when studying the countless species of gall midge, each of which has specialized in a particular plant species. The principle of all living creatures to assert themselves and spread gives rise to the most complex instinctive processes in individual species and individuals. to adapt to the environment, in this case the host, which provides them with the organic substances to feed their larvae, and to overcome resistances that hinder the survival of the species. Wittenberg Lutherstadt. A. Ziemsen. 116 pp., 8 b/w plates, 85 b/w figs, paperback 8 [14.5 x 20.5 cm].…

pp. 49-150, 7 figs, 11 plates, br. gr. 8 [16.5 x 23.7 cm].

This publication, written by two well-known, highly respected Czech entomologists, provides a summary of knowledge on gall midges, which are small flies from the Diptera order. This book covers their biology, occurrence and distribution in European countries, and their importance in agriculture and forestry. The gall midges forming the family Cecidomyiidae are small flies, usually only two millimeters long. They live in various environments and biotopes. In Europe, about 1800 species of gall midges are known. While the life span of adults is very short (usually only few hours), larvae may live several months, and the soil larvae even several years. The larvae of gall midges are either phytophagous (causing galls on various plants), mycophagous and saprophagous (associated with fungi), zoophagous (predators of other flies and small arthropods) or xylophilous (loving wood and woody material). In this book, the gall midge species for each host plant are described and are arranged alphabetically according to their Latingeneric and species name. Zoophagous, mycophagous and freeliving species of gall midges are always placed at the end of there spective section for specific host plant. An important part of this publication is a collection of black and white and colour photos of galls on plants, and many scanning electron-microphotographs, showing the distinguishing morphological features of larvae, pupae and adult gall midges. 424 pp., 26 plates with 167 figs, hardcover gr. 8 [17 x 24 cm].…