Progressive Labor Movement (5 results)

Pamphlet. vi, 126p., wraps shelf worn else good condition, 4.75x6.5 inches. Early Progressive Labor Party document.

Pamphlet. vi, 126p., wraps lightly shelf worn else very good condition. Early Progressive Labor Party document.

Newspaper. Four panel newspaper, 11.5x15.5 inches; photos., paper faintly toned, else in very good condition. Advertising a "Rally for political freedom" with Bill Epton and other on January 8th, 1965 at the Fillmore Auditorium, 1805 Geary Blvd. Epton, Progressive Labor Party's leading black militant, was convicted under criminal anarchy statutes for his part in 1964 Harlem street disturbances. He left PL when it ceased supporting Black Nationalism.

Unbound. Condition: Very Good. Handbill or small broadside. Measuring 8" x 10½". Tiny date inked in bottom corner, old horizontal fold, a bit of toning and offsetting, very good or better. A handbill strongly against U.S. involvement in South Vietnam, prepared in advance of Tr?n L? Xuân (a.k.a. Madame Nhu) visiting the United States. According to the author of the handbill, she is coming to garner "popular support for fascism," speaking at the Waldorf Astoria. Tr?n spoke at the Waldorf Astoria on Wednesday, October 9, 1963, and this handbill invites readers to a protest the policies "of Madame Nhu and the Kennedys." The publisher gives two New York City addresses: 336 Lenox Ave. (known as the "Harlem Progressive Labor Club") and 227 E. 3rd St. Probably the most well-known member of the Progressive Labor Movement is William Epton, an African-American man described in his obituary in *The New York Times* as "a Maoist agitator who made a fiery street-corner speech during the Harlem riots of the summer of 1964 and as a result became the first person convicted of criminal anarchy since the Red Scare of 1919." Uncommon.

Original poster. 44.5 x 28.9 cm., titles in black above large central photo-portrait, offset. N.p. [New York], n.p. [Harlem Defense League], n.d., 1964. £1,250 Old central horizontal fold, staple indentations, corners slightly creased. Rare. An important poster issued during the Harlem Riots of 1964 that was created by a group of ?authentic' working-class, articulate black militants rejecting what they saw as 'white' police power. The poster, and Bill Epton's role in the surrounding events, have been overshadowed to some extent by the much more reported anti-police Watts riots and the funkier fine art graphics of west Coast Black Pantherism. As well as the presence of charismatic figures such as Malcolm X and Huey Newton in radical street literature and agitprop imagery. This inflammatory poster is a fine example of the Maoist trend in worker or summary justice, ?peoples' courts' and so on. Historically, equally as inflammatory anti-police posters have played a pivotal part in either escalating or epitomizing unrest in periods of civil disturbance. These include Robbie Conal's 1991 poster depicting Los Angeles Police Chief Darryl Gates in the crosshairs of a gun range target that was widely pasted on bus shelters and construction site hoardings across Los Angeles metropolitan areas in the wake of the Rodney King brutality case. 'Wanted For Murder' was probably designed almost entirely by the black worker-activist Bill Epton or at least in collaboration with his comrades in the Harlem chapter of the Progressive Labor Movement (PLM), formed of CPUSA splittists and anti-Stalinists. Epton was a Vice-Chairman of PLM up until 1970 when he left, after the group stopped supporting 'ethnic nationalism' amongst black youth. Lieutenant Thomas Gilligan was off-duty when he shot James Powell, a teenaged student allegedly carrying a knife. He was later cleared of any wrongdoing by a Grand Jury. The poster depicts Gilligan in what is presumably his dress uniform with decorations.The police officer later cited this poster as a core element in a defamation suit against Martin Luther King, Contemporary newspaper accounts describe black people in Harlem and Bedford-Stuyvesant rioting, throwing Molotovs at the police, smashing cars and white shopkeepers' windows. At least one person died, over a hundred were injured and thousands arrested. The unrest spread throughout the USA and a state of emergency was declared in New York City. After the state of emergency was declared, Epton made at least one public speech, protest-marched and distributed insurrectionist literature that, as is implied with the poster, called for a reckoning with the NYPD. The posters were apparently pasted-up on walls and handed out widely across New York. A contemporary photograph for the New York World shows a group of African-American men striding down 125th Street near Seventh Avenue holding the posters before them like a premonition of Mao's Cultural Revolution a year later. Epton's First Amendments rights were essentially waived, using precedent, and he was later charged with conspiring to riot, advocating criminal anarchy and conspiring to engage in such advocacy and sentenced to three concurrent one year terms. At the time, the New York Court of Appeals quoted Epton as saying: ''They [the police] declared war on us and we should declare war on them and every time they kill one of us damn it, we'll kill one of them and we should start thinking that way right now. . . .'' (Paul Harris - Black Power Advocacy: Criminal Anarchy or Free Speech, p-710 California Law Review , 1968). His writ of certiorari was denied and the legal judgement that he was conspiring to overthrow the US Government was upheld. The evidence that Epton's speeches and opinions constituted a 'clear and present danger' to the function of government was obtained by use of an undercover agent who was '.planted in the Harlem Progressive Labor Group The agent, wired with a ?minifon', taped a conversation in which Epton said the demonstration to protest police brutality would lead to violence' (ibid p214). He was convicted under a criminal anarchy statute first used in the original red scare of 1919 and last used, before Epton, in the anti-communist cases of the 1940s and 1950s. 134117.