Kirchhoff G Gustav Robert (5 results)
Ueber einen Satz der mechanischen Wärmetheorie, und einige Anwendungen desselben. (+) Bemerkung über die Spannung des Wasserdampfes bei Temperaturen, die dem Eispunkte nahe sind.
"KIRCHHOFF, G. (GUSTAV ROBERT). - KIRCHHOFF'S LAW OF THERMOCHEMISTRY ANNOUNCED.
- Softcover
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Add to basket(Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1858). Without wrappers. In "Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff", Bd. 103, No 2. Pp. 177-352 a. 1 folded engraved plate. (Entire issue offered). Kirchhoff's papers: pp. 177-206 a. pp. 206-209. First appearance of this importent paper on the mechanical equivalent of heat in… which Kirchhoff showed that the variation of the heat of a chemical reaction is given by the difference in heat capacity between products and reactants in an equation. Integration of his equation permits the evaluation of the heat of reaction at one temperature from measurements at another temperature.Kirchhoff's Law describes the enthalpy of a reaction's variation with temperature changes. In general, enthalpy of any substance increases with temperature, which means both the products and the reactants' enthalpies increase. The overall enthalpy of the reaction will change if the increase in the enthalpy of products and reactants is different.
Ueber die Bewegung der Elektricität in Leitern.
"KIRCHHOFF, G. (GUSTAV ROBERT). - KIRCHHOFF'S CIRCUIT-LAW PRESENTED.
- Softcover
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Add to basket(Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1857). Without wrappers. In "Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff", Bd. 102, No 12. Pp. 481-644 a. 1 folded engraved plate. (Entire issue offered). Kirchhoff's paper: pp. 529-545. Clean and fine. Firs appearance of Kirchhoff's first paper on conductivity in which he presents… his Circuit-Law. The significance of this paper is that Kirchhoff proved with action at a distance that electric disturbances travel along wires of neglible resistance with the velocity of light. He accomplished this with the laws of Newtonian electrodynamics before Maxwell formulated his equations."The theory of variable currents raised more difficult problems. The law of dynamical interactions between currents had been formulated by Ampere (1826) in the spirit of the concept of action at a distance.The field was still open when Kirchhoff entered it in 1857 with his own general theory of the motion of electricity in conductors (in the paper offered). His first paper, in which he treated linear conductors from the same premises as Weber, turned out to coincide in all essentials with an investigation carried out by Weber shortly before but delayed in publication. Both physicists noticed a remarkable implication of their theory: in a perfectly conducting circuit, oscillating currents could be propagated with a constant velocity, independent of the nature of the conductors, and numerically equal to the velocity of light. Both Weber and Kirchhoff however, pointing to the extreme character of the condition of infinite conductivity, dismissed this result as a mere accidental coincidence."(DSB VII, p. 380-81).
Du Rapport entre le pouvoir émissif et le pouvoir absorbant des Corps pou la Chaleur et la Lumière. Traduit de l'allemand par Georges Leclanche.
KIRCHHOFF, G. (GUSTAV ROBERT).- THE KEY TO THE NEW WORLD OF QUANTA - INTRODUCING "BLACK-BODY RADIATION"
- Softcover
- First Edition
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Add to basketParis, Victor Masson et Fils, 1861. Without wrappers. In: "Annales de Chimie et de Physique", 3e Series - Tome 62, Cahier Juin 1861. Titlepage to vol. 62. Pp. 129-256. (The entire issue offered). Kirchhoff's paper: pp. 160-192. Small stamps to verso oftitlepage. First French edition of a milestone paper by "The Grandfather of Qu…antum Theory" in which he formulates the law named after him, "KIRCHHOFF'S LAW", which was the "key to the whole thermodynamics of radiation. In the hands of Planck, Kirchhoff's successor to the Berlin chair, it proved to be the key to the new world of the quanta, well beyond Kirchhoff's conceptual horizon."(DSB, VII, p.382)."Kirchhoff's Law of Thermal Emission was formulated in 1859 (Über das Verhältnis.) - the paper offered here in the first French version. It is at the same time the simplest and least understood law in physics. Kirchhoff's law states that given thermal equilibrium with an enclosure, the radiation inside will be always black, or normal, in a manner which is independent of the nature of the walls, or the objects they contain. This is known as the concept of universality. That is, that radiation within an enclosure can always be described by a universal function dependent only ontemperature and frequency. This universal function was first given us by Max Planck, in 1900. Kirchhoff's law STANDS AT THE HEARTH OF ALL MODERN ASTROPHYSICS. It is the basis for setting the temperature of the stars, for the gaseous model of the Sun, and for believing that we now know the temperature of the entire universe."(Pierre-Marie Robitaille).The research background for the paper was his unexpected observation that if the intensity of the solar spectrum increased above a certain limit, the dark D lines were made much darker by the interposition of the sodium flame. he instantly felt, that he had got hold of "something fundamental". Another notable, and importent paper in the development of photography, is in the same issue ALPHONSE POITEVIN "De l'Action chimique de la Lumiere sur les Substances organiques. Son emploi à l'impression photographique."Pp. 192-210.
Recherches sur le Spectre solaire et sur les Spectres des Corps Simples. Traduit de l'allemand, par M.L. Grandeau. (Premier-) Seconde Partie. (2 Papers).
"KIRCHHOFF, G. (GUSTAV ROBERT). - FOUNDING ASTRO-PHYSICS - THE SOLAR SPECTRUM (PMM 278) - FRENCH VERSION.
- Hardcover
- First Edition
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Add to basketParis, Victor Masson et Fils, 1863 a. 1864. Boundin 2 contemp. hcalf. Gilt spines, raised bands, light wear along edges. In: "Annales de Chimie et de Physique", 3e Series - Tome 68 a. 4e Series, tome 1. 512 pp. a. 5 large folded engraved plates. + 512 pp. a. 3 large folded engraved plates. Kirchhoff's papers: pp. 5-45 a. pp. 396…-411. 5 plates belongs to K's papers, 4 showing spectra and 1 plate (double page) depicts the famous spectroscope invented by K. and used by K. and Bunsen in their importent analysis of the spectra of the elements. First edition in French of Kirchhoff's milestone papers on the interpretation of the dark D lines - noticed by Fraunhofer in 1814 - in the spectrum of the sun, the papers that inspired Max Planck to his theory of quanta (1900). The papers are the French translations of his papers published in Abhandl. d. königl. Akad. d. Wissenscchaften in Berlin in 1861 and 1862.In the course of his preparatory work in the autumn of 1859, Kirchhoff made an unexpected observation. It had long been known that the dark D lines, noticed in the solar spectrum by Fraunhofer (1814), coincided with the yellow lines emitted by flames containing sodium.Kirchhoff's unexpected discovery was that if the intensity of the solar spectrum increased above a certain limit, the dark D lines were made much darker by the interrposition of the sodium flame. He instantly felt that he had got hold of "something fundamental", even though he was at a loss to suggest an explanation. On the day following the surprising observation, Kirchhoff found the the correct interpretation, which wass soon confirmed by new experiments: a substance capable of emittiing a certain spectral line has a strong absorptive power for the same line.The dark D lines in the solar spectrum could accordingly be ascribed to absorption by a solar atmosphere containing sodium. Immense prospects thus opened up of ascertaining the chemical composition of the sun and other stars from the study of their optical spectra. A few more weeks sufficed for Kirchhoff to elaborate a quantitative theory of the relationship between emissive and absorptive poweer."(DSB VII, pp. 381-82).PMM, 278 b. - Barchas, 1169-70 - Sparrow, 117 - Horbli, 59 - Dibner, 153 (the note).
Über das Verhältnis zwischen dem Emissionsvermögen und dem Absorptionsvermögen der Körper für Wärme und Licht. (On the relation between the radiating and the absorbing powers of different bodies for light and heat). (+) Über die Frauenhofer'schen Lin.
KIRCHHOFF, G. (GUSTAV ROBERT).- THE KEY TO THE NEW WORLD OF QUANTA - INTRODUCING "BLACK-BODY RADIATION"
- Hardcover
- First Edition
Seller: Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn ILAB-ABF, Copenhagen, DenmarkHerman H. J. Lynge & Søn ILAB-ABF
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Add to basketLeipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1860. Contemp. hcalf, raised bands, gilt spine. A few scratches to spine. In "Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff", Bd. 109. X,660 pp. and 4 folded engraved plates. Kirchhoff's papers: pp. 275-301 and pp. 148-150. Internally clean and fine. Small stamps to verso of titlepage… and plates. First printing of a milestone paper by "The Grandfather of Quantum Theory" in which he formulates the law named after him, "KIRCHHOFF'S LAW", which was the "key to the whole thermodynamics of radiation. In the hands of Planck, Kirchhoff's successor to the Berlin chair, it proved to be the key to the new world of the quanta, well beyond Kirchhoff's conceptual horizon."(DSB, VII, p.382)."Kirchhoff's Law of Thermal Emission was formulated in 1859 (Über das Verhältnis.) - the paper offered. It is at the same time the simplest and least understood law in physics. Kirchhoff's law states that given thermal equilibrium with an enclosure, the radiation inside will be always black, or normal, in a manner which is independent of the nature of the walls, or the objects they contain. This is known as the concept of universality. That is, that radiation within an enclosure can always be described by a universal function dependent only ontemperature and frequency. This universal function was first given us by Max Planck, in 1900. Kirchhoff's law STANDS AT THE HEARTH OF ALL MODERN ASTROPHYSICS. It is the basis for setting the temperature of the stars, for the gaseous model of the Sun, and for believing that we now know the temperature of the entire universe."(Pierre-Marie Robitaille).The research background for the paper was his unexpected observation that if the intensity of the solar spectrum increased above a certain limit, the dark D lines were made much darker by the interposition of the sodium flame. he instantly felt, that he had got hold of "something fundamental". These observations are described in the second paper offered here "Über die Frauenhofer'schen Linien." which was published first in 1859 in Monatsschrift der Berliner Academie.The volume contains many other importent papers in physics and chemistry, by C.F. Schönbein, Zöllner, H. Fizeau, Eisenlohr, W. Heine, Knoblauch, K.G. Neumann, W. Siemens etc.
