springer us chapman and hall crc okt 2011 (89 results)

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This is a study of how a bureaucracy allocates a commodity or a service in this case, public housing. In the broadest sense, it seeks to understand how bureaucrats try to resolve two often conflicting goals of regulatory justice: equity (treating like cases alike on the basis of rules) and respon siveness (making exceptions for persons whose needs require that rules be stretched). It analyzes the extent to which such factors as bureaucratic norms, the task orientation of workers, third-party pressure, and outside intervention affect staff members' use of discretion. Many of the rules under consideration were intended by federal officials to achieve such programmatic objectives as racial desegregation and housing for the neediest; in this regard, the study is also an examination of federal-local relationships. Finally, the study examines how the use of discretion changes over time as an agency's mission shifts and reforms are attempted. This book is directed at the audience of administrators of programs who offer services to the public and struggle with how to allocate them. The book is also intended for those concerned with housing policy, partic ularly the difficult problems of whom to house. Finally, it is hoped that students of public management, social welfare, government, and urban planning, who are interested in how public policy is administered through a bureaucracy, will find the book insightful. The case chosen for study is the Boston Housing Authority. 244 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book originates from the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Synthesis and Analysis Methods for Safety and Reliability Studies held at Sogesta Conference Centre, Urbino, Italy, 3-14 July 1978. The Institute, co-directed by Prof. E.J. Henley and Dr. G. Volta, was attended by 67 persons from twelve countries. The focus of the Institute was on theoretical and applied aspects of reliability and risk analysis methodologies. The Institute was composed of lectures, workshops and gu~ded discussions. From the large quantity of written material that was used and produced during the Institute, a number of papers introducing the most relevant research results and trends in the field have been selected. The papers have been edited, partly rewritten and rearranged in order to obtain in the end an integrat ed exposition of methods and techniques for reliability analysis and computation of complex systems. The book is divided into four sections which correspond to fairly homogeneous areas from a methodological point of view. Each section is preceded by an introduction prepared by the Editors which aims at helping the readers to put in perspective and appre ciate the contribution of each paper to the subject of the section. 476 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In the two decades before the mid-1970s, macroeconomic policies in Western Europe were frequently accompanied by policies of direct wage restraint in the pursuit of acceptable levels of employment, inflation, and international competitiveness. The same period witnessed a proliferation of social welfare programs, elements of which were sometimes commingled with demand management and pay policies in trilateral bargaining processes involving gov ernments, unions, and employers. In the wake of such subsequent develop ments as the oil price shocks, sharply intensified international competition, and slowing of growth rates in productivity, however, governments resorted more frequently to deflationist macroeconomic policies and also to policies aimed directly at increasing IIflexibility' in wage determination and the de ployment of labor by the firm. It is a major theme of this very interesting book that these labor market policies have not been demonstrably (or at least sufficiently) effective in com bating the high rates of unemployment which have been prevalent in most of the countries of Western Europe since the late 1970s. This theme emerges from the chapters on labor market developments and policies in six countries of Western Europe, the United States, and Hungary (a welcome addition to this type of scholarship), as well as another set of chapters'devoted to specific policy areas. In effect, Samuel Rosenberg and his colleagues-an interna tional team of nineteen economists and sociologists-are repeating in con crete terms a sermon preached by Keynes over a half century ago. 280 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Somehow it surprises me that this book wasn't written earlier, but I'm glad it wasn't. If it had been, Frank Koch probably wouldn't have sensed the vacuum that has existed, and this practical book wouldn't have come to be. I'd like to stress practical. The book describes in a comprehensive and-more importantly-practical way how every corporation can mar shal its financial support, employee talents, and other resources to make a meaningful impact on society. I happen to be one of those corporate executives who believes that a business has a responsibility to make such an impact. My brother Peter agrees. Our father and uncle set an example for us, and the tradition goes back to our great uncles and their uncle, Levi Strauss himself. For more than 125 years Levi Strauss & Co. has shown that social responsibil ity is good business and, in recent years, that it is also compatible with dynamic growth. We are proud of that tradition and what it produced, but 1 think the modern era of social responsibility or corporate citizenship at Levi's got its impetus in 1968 with my association with the National Alliance of Businessmen. It was there that I saw what other companies were doing: innovative ways to train, to transport, to provide jobs. It opened my eyes to areas in which business could become involved, areas I never before thought of as business responsibilities-even areas where it could have an impact. 316 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This report originated in a request to me from the Board of Trustees of the Ford Foundation in the summer of 1975. The trustees, aware that there would be a change of leadership at the Foundation be fore 1980, wanted to make a running start in the process of plan ning for the future. Their first step was to make a study of the great national and international needs that might lie ahead in the next decade and a half, and where and how the Foundation might ad dress them. They sought advice both within the Foundation and outside it, and they engaged in long discussions of their own. Although the exercise was directed toward planning for the future, the trustees also wished to review our past, not exhaus tively but at least well enough to have a clear sense of what the Foundation had been up to in the quarter century of its existence as a national and international institution. In this connection, the chairman of our board, Alexander Heard, asked for /I a canvass of the Ford Foundation's experiences, successes, and failures during the last twenty-five years . . . [focused] on the broad objectives sought, the means pursued to achieve them, and the results. 228 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -It is generally accepted that. fused BZ03 is composed of B0 3 triangles. These triangles are joined togetner randomly, forming l the glass network. I.R. studies and x-ray diffraction studies on pure BZ03 glass indicated clearly that these triangles are joined together forming boroxole groups. These groups are joined together forming the random network. It is also accepted that addition of alkali oxides to boron oxide results in a glassy network in 468 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume represents the findings of the six-year NATO CCMS pilot study on the use of remote sensing for the control of marine pollution, a joint study conducted by countries confronted by the problems that arise from the prevention of, and the fight against, deliberate and accidental oil spills. In 1976, when I submitted to the Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society the draft of this pilot study, the use of remote sensing in the area covered by the project was still at the experimental research stage. Two years later, the Amoco Cadiz disaster occurring on the Brittany Coast gave ~he opportunity to demonstrate the important role that remote sensing could play in the fight against major oil spills. At the same time, many countries engaged in the fight against the deliberate discharge of oil from ships became aware of the po tential of remote sensing to help combat this type of illegal activity. Compiling this volume has afforded me the opportunity to re-read the papers that were presented at the workshops in Washington, D.C. and Paris, which were held April 1979 and October 1982, respectively. Not only is the material still of current interest, but also some recommendations expressed by the experts have already received international recognition. This applies, in particular, to the Isowake experiments, which were originated by the United States (U.S. Coast Guard) and the United Kingdom (Warren Spring Laboratory). 484 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Thermoelectric and related transport properties of metals have been a source of information and, also, exasperation to physicists for over a century. Perhaps the principal reasons for interest in these phenomena are their sensitivity to composition, structure and external fields and, until fairly recently, the distressing fact that often even gross experimental features such as the sign of the thermopower eluded theoretical understanding. During the past two decades many of the previously perplexing aspects of thermoelectricity have yielded to more sophisticated theoretical treat ment. As a result of this effort and concomitant experimental work using advanced measurement techniques, there is now good reason to believe that thermoelectric phenomena can shed much light on the interactions between electrons and phonons, impurities, and other defects. The last few years have witnessed new and fascinating developments that promise to stimulate new activity in this field. In contrast to the more conventional transport properties, second-and high-order contributions in electron scattering theory appear to play a profound role in thermoelectricity-the controversy surrounding ordinary and 'phony' phonon drag is far from resolved; the startlingly large effect of magnetic fields on the thermopower of metals appears to be linked intimately to scattering anisotropy; quantum oscillations of thermopower are orders of magnitude larger than corresponding oscillations of the magnetoresistance; a new approach to thermoelectric studies allows extension of thermopower measurements into the millikelvin region of temperature; finally, the advent of superconducting detection devices permits the precise measurement of extremely small voltages, an essential requirement in this field. 284 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume presents plenary lectures and invited papers that Were delivered during the Fourth Australian Conference on Electro chemistry held at The Flinders University of South Australia, 16-20th February 1976. EZeat~oahemi8try fo~ a Futu~e Soaiety was selected as the Conference theme since the organising committee were mindful of the rapid change in technological perspective which the world now faces. We no longer have a prospect of uncontrolled spontaneous expansion and change as the result of technological enterprise. Rather, we face the task of attempting to reach a state of very restricted growth. In the next few decades special accent must be placed on minimizing pollution and maximizing the efficient utilization of all available energy sources. With this in mind, the Conference organisers considered that a conventional electrochemistry symposium, with its divisions into the various academic aspects, would be less relevant than a meeting devoted to aspects of electrochemistry which may underlie parts of the new and necessary technology for the future state of affairs. What has actually been achieved by the Conference organisers is a balance between the ideals expressed and the resulting response from electrochemists. This response has a bias which reflects the dominance of certain resources, e.g. metallic minerals, within Australia. Consequently, the papers included in T~ends in EZeat~o ahemist~ cover subjects which are of both global and local concern. 424 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -At the present time there are renewed global efforts to control the major tropical infections and to stem the tide of malnutrition, the two serious, often intertwined, problems that contribute to much of the morbidity and mortality in under privileged populations. Many international organizations have joined hands with national governments and with the private sector to search for new approaches to problems that beset much of the developing world, including countries in the tropical region. This volume continues the tradition of the previous publication in the Series. A variety of fare is offered to readers: explanations of the activities and achievements of the UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Re search and Training in Tropical Diseases; and studies of infant mortality, schistosomiasis, trypanosomiasis, helminths, lactase deficiency, oral rehydration therapy, functional consequences of iron deficiency, and fertility control. Au thoritative state-of-the-art reviews provide a critical analysis of recent data. I hope the Series will continue to prove useful to all those working in the tropics and to those in the industrialized countries whose awareness of physical health problems of the Third World is relatively limited. R. K. Chandra St. John's, Newfoundland VlI Contents Chapter 1. The Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DAVID S. ROWE 1. Origins, Objectives, and Diseases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2. The Modus Operandi of the Programme. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2. 1. Scientific Working Groups. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2. 2. Research Strengthening Group. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2. 3. TheScientific and Technical Advisory Committee. . . . . . . . . 7 2. 4. Joint Coordinating Board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The effects of drugs on behavior are of inherent interest and psycho pharmacology has provided a focus for research activity for many years. Until recently, however, it could be claimed that the contribution of pharmacology was more obvious than that of psychology in the de velopment of what should surely prove to be a matter for interdis ciplinary endeavor. Pharmacological analyses of drug action have frequently been expressed in terms of dose-response functions, for ex ample, with the dependent variable taking the form of patterns of be havior whose controlling influences were but poorly understood. The introduction of operant conditioning techniques has transformed psy chopharmacology in this respect. Operant analyses have traditionally emphasized the environmental determinants of behavior and have ex plored the behavioral outcomes of many different experimental ar rangements. These different behavioral repertoires have quickly proved to be of great importance in influencing the behavioral effects of drugs, and so psychologists have begun to playa role which better balances that of the pharmacologist in experimental psychophar macology. To reflect the development of these interdisciplinary studies, several excellent books have been published in recent years. These 1 have included introductory texts, collections of important experi mental reports which had appeared in learnedjournals,2 and authorita 3 tive handbooks which survey the current scene. 524 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume constitutes the Proceedings of a Symposium on the Plastic Deformation of Ceramic Materials, held at The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, July 17, 18, and 19, 1974. The theme of this conference focused on single crystal and polycrystalline deformation processes in ceramic materials. The 31 contributed papers by 52 authors, present a current understand ing of the theory and application of deformation processes to the study and utilization of ceramic materials. The program chairmen gratefully acknowledge the financial assistance for the Symposium provided by the United States Atomic Energy Commission, The National Science Foundation, and The College of Earth and Mineral Sciences of The Pennsylvania State University. Special acknowledgment is extended to Drs. Louis C. Ianniello and Paul K. Predecki of the AEC and NSF, respectively. Of course, the proceedings would not have been possible without the excellent cooperation of the authors in preparing their manuscripts. Special appreciation is extended to the professional organi zation services provided by the J. Orvis Keller Conference Center of The Pennsylvania State University. In particular, Mrs. Patricia Ewing should be acknowledged for her excellent program organization and planning. Finally, we also wish to thank our secretaries for the patience and help in bringing these Proceedings to press. 588 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In the last decade, disputes between developers and local commu nities over proposed construction projects have led to increasing litiga tion. Environmental legislation, in particular, has greatly enhanced the rights and powers of organized groups that desire to participate in local development decisions. These powers have allowed citizen groups to block undesired and socially unacceptable projects, such as highways through urban areas and sprawling suburban developments. At the same time, these powers have produced a collective inability to construct many needed projects that produce adverse local impacts. Prisons, airports, hos pitals, waste treatment plants, and energy facilities all face years of liti gation before a final decision. At times, prolonged litigation has pro duced especially high costs to all participants. Despite these new powers, citizen action has often been limited to participation in public hearings or adjudicatory proceedings. Typically, this occurs so late in the decision process that citizen input has very little affect in shaping a project's design. Those who dislike some element of a project often have little choice other than to oppose the entire project through litigation. 244 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume contains papers presented at a NATO Advanced Research Institute, sponsored by their Eco-Sciences Panel, on 'The effects of acid precipitation on vegetation and soils,' held at Toronto, Canada from May 22-26, 1978. The organizing expenses and greater part of the expenses of the speakers and chair~en were provided by N.A.T.O. The scientific programme was planned by T. C. Hutchinson together with an international planning committee of G. Abrahamsen (Norway), G. Likens (U.S.A.), F.E. Last (U.K.), C.O. Tamm (Sweden) and B. Ulrich (W. Germany). Many of the dimensions of the 'acid rain' problem are common to countries of northern Europe and North America. The developing awareness over the past ten years of the international nature of the acid rain phenomenon has lead to studies documenting damaging effects on susceptible freshwater bodies. Large areas of the Canadian Pre-Cambrian Shield, with its extension into the United States, and the granitic areas of southern Norwayand Sweden contain lakes which are in the process of acidification. The biological resources of these affected areas are of considerable national concern. However, while clearly damaging effects of acidification on freshwater systems have been well documented, the impact of acid precipitation on terrestrial systems has not been so well understood. 672 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 324 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The practical properties of many materials are dominated by surface and near-surface composition and structure. An understanding of how the surface region affects material properties starts with an understanding of the elemental composition of that region. Since the most common contaminants are light elements (for example, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and hydrogen), there is a clear need for an analytic probe that simultaneously and quantitatively records elemental profiles of all light elements. Energy recoil detection using high-energy heavy ions is unique in its ability to provide quantitative profiles of light and medium mass elements. As such this method holds great promise for the study of a variety of problems in a wide range of fields. While energy recoil detection is one of the newest and most promising ion beam analytic techniques, it is also the oldest in terms of when it was first described. Before discussing recent developments in this field, perhaps it is worth reviewing the early days of this century when the first energy recoil detection experiments were reported. 468 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -John Maynard Keynes is credited with the aphorism that the long-term view in economics must be taken in the light that 'in the long-term we are aU dead'. It is not in any spirit of gloom however that we invite our readers of the sixteenth volume in the review series, Advances in Nuclear Science and Technology, to take a long view. The two principal roles of nuclear energy lie in the military sphere - not addressed as such in this serie- in the sphere of the centralised production of power, and chiefly electricity generation. The immediate need for this latter has receded in the current era of restricted economies, vanishing growth rates and occasional surpluses of oil on the spot markets of the world. Nuclear energy has its most important role as an insurance against the hard times to come. But will the demand come at a time when the current reactors with their heavy use of natural uranium feed stocks are to be used or in an era where other aspects of the fuel supply must be exploited The time scale is sufficiently uncertain and the duration of the demand so unascertainable that a sensible forward policy must anticipate that by the time the major demand comes, the reasonably available natural uranium may have been largely consumed in the poor convertors of the current thermal fission programme. 592 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -A 'biological clock' has now been inferred in so many and such diverse organisms and tissues that even a summary of the more interesting and important observations would be a tedious and encyclopaedic compila tion, whose bibliography would assume a daunting size. It would also be obsolescent on the day of publication. The new titles appearing in the monthly lists are scattered through many journals, but a new journal devoted exclusively to rhythm research published its first issue in May, 1970-the Journal of Interdisciplinary Cycle Research-and another, Chronobiology, appears in 1973. In this volume several authors have been asked to review separate aspects within their own fields of study, in the hope that thereby the reader might gain an idea of the many directions of active progress and be better placed to interrelate them than would be possible after a more exhaustive study of a limited part of the field. The outcome is a series of essays in which each contributor has exercised his individuality in ideas, style and presentation, and, at some points, in vocabulary, although the glossary includes a number of terms which have been fairly generally used. 344 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume is based on a meeting on Quantum Mechanics of Fundamental Systems, held December 17-20 of 1987, at the Centro de Estudios Cientificos de Santiago (CECS). The meeting was intended to review new developments in the field defined by its purposely vague title. We were especially interested in communicating important advances in a broad perspective and in a self-contained manner to a wide colleague ship, and in particular to Latin American physicists. Whatever success we may have achieved in that direction would cer tainly not have been possible without the help and generosity of many people. For their kind support we thank the Tinker Foundation, the Inter national Centre for Theoretical Physics, the Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres et Service Culturel et de Cooperation Scientifique et Technique de France and the Centro Latinoamericano de Fisica. We are especially grateful to the Santiago College and to its principal, Rebeca Donoso, for allowing us to hold the meeting at that school when, at the last moment, we were deprived of the previously arranged meeting site. Last but not least we thank the participants for an extraordinary week and the CECS staff for performing, as usual, beyond any reasonable expectation. 332 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The last decade has seen dramatic progress in the development of devices for producing mu1ticharged ions. Indeed it is now pos sible to produce any charge state of any ion right up through 92 fully-stripped uranium (U +). Equally dramatic progress has been achieved in the energy range of the available ions. As an example, fully-stripped neon ions have been produced in useable quantities with kinetic energies ranging from a few ev to more than 20 Gev. Interest in the atomic physics of multicharged ions has grown apace. In the fusion program, the spectra of these ions is an im portant diagnostic tool. Moreover the presence of mu1ticharged ions presents a serious energy loss mechanism in fusion devices. This fact has motivated a program to study the collision mech anisms involved. In another area, mu1ticharged ions are present in the solar corona and the interstellar medium and knowledge of their collision properties and spectra is essential to understand ing the astrophysics. Other possible applications are to x-ray lasers and heavy ion inertial fusion. On a more fundamental level, new possibilities for testing quantum electrodynamics with mu1ti charged ions have emerged. 584 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume represents a collection of selected papers presented at a symposium of the same name sponsored by the Division of Colloid and Surface Chemistry held at the national Spring meeting of the American Chemical Society in Las Vegas, Nevada, March 29 - April 1, 1982. Also included are invited papers from a number of outstanding overseas liquid crystal scientists who were unable to attend the symposium. The attendance at the symposium itself and the number of papers contained herein is reflective of the high level of current interest in (and maturity of) the field of liquid crystal research. Included in this volume are papers mainly derived from the fields of chemistry and physics ranging in content from the design and synthesis of new meso genic materials to theoretical physical treatments of anisotropic liquids. One of the significant aspects of current liquid crystal research is the increasing col laboration between chemist and phys.icist. The overlap of these two areas has been growing over the last several years and many contri butions to this volume involve a molecular approach to the chemical physics of liquid crystalline materials. 1176 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -During the early 1930s, when I was a graduate student and later a post-doctoral researcher at the National Research Council for the University of Wisconsin at Madison, we had the opportunity to get acquainted with many graduate students from China who were sent to the University for training in modern basic sciences as well as social sciences. The University of Wisconsin continues to graduate a large number of Chinese students. Economic conditions in the 1930s were very precarious for the United States and other parts of the world. Many of us students grew closer together because we were living on similarly tight budgets. As a matter of fact, we subleased a part of our apartment in Madison to some Chinese graduate students. This was a very nice opportunity for us to learn about the scientific and cultural back ground of our Chinese friends. Many of them came from the interior of China and had had very little opportunity to become acquainted with people from a western culture. Living with these students was a very pleasant and educational experience which gave us a good pic ture of the cultural life and educational system of China at that time--an intimate picture that one normally would not see without travelling in that country. 872 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -We are proud to present Volume 3 of Biological Magnetic Resonance, a series that has met with praise from the scientific community. This volume covers the new applications of various multiple irradia tion techniques to the NMR of biomolecules; the chapter of Keller and Wuthrich describes much of the technique and its applications to hemo proteins. The ESR of some hemoproteins in the single crystal is described by Chien and Dickinson, who also include discussions of techniques and methods for single-crystal ESR of paramagnetically intrinsic and spin labeled protein crystals. Mims and Peisach describe the latest applications and results in electron spin echo spectroscopy of several metalloproteins. Two ESR spin probe techniques are reviewed. Chasteen describes the methods and applications of vanadyl(JV) to several systems. Ohnishi and Tokutomi describe studies of phase separations in mixed and model mem branes by the nitroxide spin probe technique. We have been successful in continuing to provide topics that are timely and experimentally informative with a heavy emphasis on biolo gically relevant applications. We thank our colleagues in the scientific com munity for their suggestions on future coverage-we will remain receptive to future suggestions and comments on this series. A tentative topic list for forthcoming volumes is given on the following pages. 292 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Direct methods of crystal structure determination are usually associated with techniques in which phases for a set of structure factors are determined from the corresponding experimental amplitudes by probabilistic calcula tions. It is thus implied that such ab initio phase calculations do not require a knowledge of atomic positions, and this basis distinguishes direct methods from other techniques for structure determination. An acceptably wider interpretation of the term direct methods leads to other important applica tions involving, inter alia, the use of heavy atoms, resolution-limited phase data for large molecules, rotation functions, and Fourier series. These topics are discussed in the later chapters of this book. Although some earlier theoretical investigations were made by Harker and Kaspar, direct methods may be considered to have begun around the year 1950. Important landmarks in the development of the subject include the book by Hauptmann and Karle, The Centrosymmetric Crystal (1953), the definitive paper by Karle and Karle in Acta Crystallographica (1966), and the recent (1978) sophisticated program package MULTAN 78 produced mainly by Germain, Main, and Woolfson. Woolfson's book, Direct Methods in Crystallography, was published in 1961, but because of the rapid progress in direct methods, much of it soon became outmoded. It is interesting to note that direct methods nearly came into being many years earlier. Certainly the E2 relationship was used implicitly by Lonsdale in 1928 in determining the crystal structure of hexamethylbenzene. 436 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume contains the Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Acoustical Imaging, held in Key Biscayne, Miami, Florida May 29th to June 2nd, 1978. The title of the Symposium was changed again this year by dropping the word 'Holography' to reflect the further emphasis on the general imaging aspects of the Symposium and the de-emphasis on the Holographic aspects. Because of this continued changing nature of the Symposium Series this volume has undergone the title change from ACOUSTICAL HOLOGRAPHY to ACOUSTICAL IMAGING. The 47 papers presented here illustrate the continued growth in this dynamic field. There has been a large emphasis on Array Technology as well as Underwater Applications, Seismic Applications, Transducers, New Methods, Acoustic Microscopy, Non-destructive Testing, Computer Tomography Techniques, Medical Applications as well as Tissue Characterization. The meeting was a great success and a stimulating experience for all concerned due principally to the enthusiasm and contrib utions of all of the authors represented here. The editor wishes to extend his appreciation and thanks to each and everyone of them. The editor also wishes to thank the members of the Program Committee who helped in selecting the papers and giving their able advice on the details of the meeting. The Program Committee con sisted of Pierre Alais, University of Paris, Byron B. Brendon, Holosonics, Inc. , C. B. Burckhardt, Hoffman-LaRoche and Co. , Basle, Switzerland, Philip S. Green, Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, California, B. P. 808 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -It has been estimated that more than 8090 of the world's scientists who have ever lived are still alive today. It would not be unreasonable to suggest that more than 95% of those who have ever used a mass spectrometer are not only alive but are still actively employed. Most have never had any formal training in the subject since, with a few notable exceptions, universities have only recently begun to offer courses in mass spectrometry. We have written this book for the student of modern mass spectro metry: it is for the novice who wished to know what the instruments can do and how the techniques can be applied. There are other books on the market which delve into the history of mass spectrometry and go deeply into the mathematical theory and instrumentation. There are yet more books which guide one through the art of interpreting spectra. We have deliberately avoided these topics so that the reader is confronted only with the basic principles and is allowed a taste of the applications. One of the best methods of deVeloping a useful textbook is to teach a course based upon its content. This is what we did. We met in Houston in 1976 to teach a course on 'Perspectives in Mass Spectrometry' and to coordinate our writing. The authors of five of the chapters met again in St. 404 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In this work we present the basic principles of metabolic control which we hope will serve as a foundation for the vast array of factual matter which the biochemist and the physician engaged in metabolic research must accumulate. Accordingly, we attempt to set forth these principles, along with sufficient explanation, so that the reader may apply them to the ever-expanding literature of biochemistry. If we are successful, this will provide a theoretical approach which can be applied to any given set of metabolic reactions. It is impossible to enumerate each and every biochemical reaction and pathway since such a work would be too unwieldy for efficient use. Rather, we hope our presentation of the principles of metabolic control will be sufficiently basic to be of lasting usefulness no matter how detailed biochemistry may become. We would like to be able to con dense biochemistry into a theoretical biology that will not only allow for the general treatment of any given reaction but will enable predic tions to be made as to the existence of necessary pathways and the con sequences of altered control. Such is not possible today, but this may be accomplished in the future. We believe it is now possible to institute the beginnings of such a theoretical biology. 692 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The Advanced Research Institute on 'Health Services Systems' was held under the auspices of the NATO Special Programme Panel on Systems Science as a part of the NATO Science Committee's continuous effort to promote the advancement of science through international cooperation. A special word is said in this respect supra by Pro fessor Checkland, Chairman of the Systems Science Panel. The Advanced Research Institute (ARI) was organized for the purpose of bringing together senior scientists to seek a consensus on the assessment of the present state of knowledge on the specific topic of 'health services systems' and to present views and recom mendations for future health services research directions, which should be of value to both the scientific community and the people in charge of reorienting health services. The conference was structured so as to permit the assembly of a variety of complementary viewpoints through intensive group discussions to be the basis of this final report. Invitees were selected from allover Europe and North America, including observers from the major international organizations involved in health ser vices research, to provide the experience and expertise necessary to make the issue of 'health services systems' val id and significant. 392 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Ever since the beginning of the plastics and rubber industry, it was realized that useful products could be produced only if cer tain additives were incorporated into polymers. With the help of these additives, when physically dispersed in a polymer matrix, it has been possible to improve stability against thermal, oxidative, UV, hydrolytic and biological degradation, mechanical properties, flammability, cost, and processibility of plastics. The enormous growth of the volume of plastics consumed by modern society, and new application areas for plastics, have created a demand for new, better additives and better understanding of their functions in polymer systems. As a result of these trends there is a need for sharing of information on progress achieved in the area of polymer additives among engineers and scientists of the plastics industry and academia. This book is based on expanded and updated papers originally presented at the International Symposium on Polymer Additives, which was held in Las Vegas, Nevada, and was sponsored by the American Chemical Society, Division of Polymeric Materials Science and Engi neering. The book is divided into five parts which cover advances in various areas of polymer additives. The first part is devoted to the progress in understanding of UV degradation and stabilization of various polymers. Oxidation degradation and stabilization of plastic materials is covered in the second part. New developments in the stabilization of PVC are presented in the third part. 424 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) poses a health threat unparalleled in modem times. Identified just a few years ago, AIDS and the human inunlmodeficiency virus (IDV) responsible for it affect millions of persons worldwide. AIDS has already become the leading cause of death among persons under 40 in some large American cities. From the beginning. it has been evident that AIDS carries unique psychological and social ramifications. In spite of its lethality, new cases of HIV infection are preventable if individuals can be assisted to make behavior changes to lessen or eliminate viral transmission. To the extent that we can develop effective primary prevention interventions, it will be possible to keep larger numbers of people from becoming infected with the mv virus. Psychological and social risk behavior change interventions, whether at the level of individual clients, groups, or entire communities, can playa key role-in fact, the only available role-in disease prevention. Patients with any life-threatening illness have psychological, social, and support needs. However, these needs are more pronounced and, often, less easily addressed for persons affected by AIDS. People in good clinical health but with HIV infection face years of worry concerning whether they will develop AIDS. Nearly 2 million Americans are currently in this precarious position; by 1991, 50 to 100 million persons worldwide are expected to share the same uncertainty. 224 pp. Englisch.