Halban Hans (3 results)
- Hardcover
Seller: JF Ptak Science Books, Hendersonville, NC, U.S.A.JF Ptak Science Books
Contact seller5-star sellerHardcover. Condition: Good. ("The application of photoelectric cells to the measurement of light absorption in solutions.") Zeitschrift fur physikalishce Chemie, vol 96. pp 214-232 1920 ("An arrangement is described and illustrated diagrammatically by means of which light absorption in solution can be rapidly and accurately asce…rtained with the help of photoelectric alkali metal cells.") And: Hans van Halban and Heribrant Geigel, "Uber die Photochemie des Tetrbenzoylathylens 1", 233-250. Offered in the entire volume, including Hefts 1-6, 504pp. Bound volume with original wrappers bound in. Cloth, with leather spine labels. Xl Public Health Service. Good copy. $75.
More images(1) MEITNER & FRISCH, 'Disintegration of Uranium by Neutrons: a New Type of Nuclear Reaction,' pp. 239-240, in Vol. 143, No. 3615, 11 February 1939 [PMM 422b]; (2) FRISCH, 'Physical Evidence for the Division of Heavy Nuclei under Neutron Bombardment,' p. 276, in No. 3616, 18 February [PMM 422c]; (3) BOHR, 'Disintegration of Heavy Nuclei,' p. 330, in No. 3617, 25 February; (4) HALBAN, JOLIOT & KOWARSKI, 'Liberation of Neutrons in the Nuclear Explosion of Uranium,' pp. 470-471 [PMM 422d], with MEITNER & FRISCH, 'Products of the Fission of the Uranium Nucleus,' pp. 471-472, both in No. 3620, 18 March;(5) HALBAN, JOLIOT & KOWARSKI, 'Number of Neutrons Liberated in the Nuclear Fission of Uranium,' p. 680, in No. 3625, 22 April; (6) ADLER & HALBAN, 'Nuclear Physics: Control of the Chain Reaction Involved in Fission of the Uranium Nucleus,' pp. 793-794, in No. 3628, 13 May; (7) FEATHER, 'Fission of Heavy Nuclei: a New Type of Nuclear Disintegration,' pp. 877-879, in No. 3630, 27 May; (8) HALB
MEITNER, Lise; FRISCH, Otto; BOHR, Niels; HALBAN, Hans von; JOLIOT, Frédéric; KOWARSKI, Lew; ADLER, Frédéric; & FEATHER, Norman
Published by Macmillan, London, 1939
- Softcover
- Signed
Seller: SOPHIA RARE BOOKS, Koebenhavn V, DenmarkSOPHIA RARE BOOKS
Contact seller5-star sellerCondition: Used
£ 5,763.75
Free ShippingShips from Denmark to U.S.A.Quantity: 1 available
The Discovery of Nuclear Fission and of the Chain Reaction. First edition, rare, journal issues in the original printed wrappers, of the complete sequence of papers in Nature by which nuclear fission was reported, theoretically interpreted, experimentally verified, and shown to liberate enough secondary neutrons to sustain a cha…in reaction-the sequence that, between 11 February and 3 June 1939, took physics from a chemical anomaly observed in Berlin to the certainty of a feasible nuclear bomb. Three of the eight issues offered here contain Printing and the Mind of Man entries (422b, the discovery and naming of fission; 422c, its experimental confirmation; 422d, the demonstration of neutron multiplication); the remaining five are the immediately surrounding papers without which the PMM trio cannot be properly read. Together they constitute the entire foundational literature of nuclear fission, in the form in which it first reached the working physicist on his subscriber's table, and in the four-month window between the Christmas-week calculation of Meitner and Frisch in a Swedish wood and the outbreak of the Second World War in Poland fewer than thirteen weeks after the appearance of the last paper here offered. The story begins in Berlin in December 1938. Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann had been bombarding uranium with neutrons since 1934, hoping to produce transuranic elements. Their chemical analyses kept yielding results that made no nuclear-physical sense: among the products, in repeated and unmistakable fashion, was an isotope of barium (Z = 56), an element less than two-thirds the atomic number of uranium (Z = 92). The reigning view of nuclear processes-that a slow neutron could only nudge a heavy nucleus by a unit or two of charge through the emission of ? or ? particles-made any such large change inconceivable. Hahn, an outstanding radiochemist with no theoretical training, wrote to his former collaborator of thirty years, the physicist Lise Meitner, who had fled Berlin five months earlier as the post-Anschluss racial laws closed in on Jewish scientists, and who was now working in straitened circumstances at Manne Siegbahn's institute in Stockholm. Meitner read Hahn's letter on 21 December 1938 and could not at first make sense of the chemistry either, except in the conviction-based on thirty years of joint work-that the chemistry was right. She read the letter again over the Christmas holiday at Kungälv on the west coast of Sweden, where she was the guest of her old friend Eva von Bahr-Bergius and where she was joined by her thirty-four-year-old nephew Otto Robert Frisch, then a junior researcher at Bohr's institute in Copenhagen. The two of them went out for a walk in the snow on the morning of Christmas Day-Frisch on skis, Meitner walking briskly alongside-to talk through what could possibly be wrong with Hahn's analysis, which they were certain was not. They sat down on a tree-trunk in the woods and did the calculation together. Treating the uranium nucleus as a deformable liquid drop, in the model that George Gamow had proposed in 1928 and that Niels Bohr and Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker had developed through the middle 1930s, they reasoned that the surface tension that ordinarily held the drop spherical would be largely cancelled by the mutual electrostatic repulsion of the 92 protons in a nucleus as heavy as uranium. The drop should be on the verge of instability with respect to even small deformations. A captured neutron might set it oscillating; the oscillation could elongate it into a dumbbell; the electrostatic repulsion could then drive the two halves apart, with the release of about 200 MeV per nucleus. Where, Frisch asked, would the energy come from? Meitner, working from memory of the empirical mass formula, calculated that the daughter nuclei would together be about one-fifth of a proton-mass lighter than the parent, and that this mass deficit, multiplied by c , gave precisely 200 MeV. The mechanism, the magnitude of the energy, and the chemistry all fitted at once. Frisch returned to Copenhagen by ferry on 3 January 1939 and went straight to Bohr, who, on hearing the explanation, slapped his forehead and said something to the effect that they had all been idiots not to have seen it. Bohr immediately recognised that the new picture refined rather than refuted his own compound-nucleus theory, and promised not to publish or speak of the result until Meitner and Frisch had submitted their paper. Frisch, in the days that followed, consulted the American biologist William A. Arnold, then visiting Copenhagen, on the term used in microbiology for the division of a single cell into two. The answer was 'binary fission.' Frisch shortened it to 'fission,' used the noun and the verb throughout his papers and Meitner's, and within a year the term-coined by analogy with the multiplication of an amoeba-had displaced every alternative in every language of physics. Bohr boarded the Drottningholm for New York on 7 January 1939 to attend the fifth Washington Conference on Theoretical Physics. He was accompanied by his collaborator Léon Rosenfeld; he had given Frisch and Meitner his word, but appears not to have impressed on Rosenfeld that the news was confidential. Met at the New York pier on 16 January by Enrico Fermi and John Wheeler, the party went down to Princeton, where the regular Monday-evening Physics Journal Club was meeting. Wheeler asked Rosenfeld for any news from Europe; Rosenfeld delivered a complete account of the Meitner-Frisch interpretation. Within days the result was known across the United States, and a mortified Bohr-who had been counting on a discreet interval until the Meitner-Frisch paper appeared-wrote a hurried note to Nature defending the European priority, which is the third paper here offered ('Disintegration of Heavy Nuclei,' p. 330 in the 25 February issue). Hahn, when he saw the note, was nettled that Bohr had cited only Meitner and Frisch and only m. Signed.
Published by Macmillan, London, 1939
- First Edition
Seller: Atticus Rare Books, West Branch, IA, U.S.A.Atticus Rare Books
Contact seller5-star seller1st Edition. FIRST EDITION IN ORIGINAL WRAPS of the first solid evidence that neutron multiplication is large enough (3.5) to creat a chain reaction, thus profiding "indirect proof of the neutron multiplication accompanying the fission of uranium nuclei after neutron capture" (Printing and the Mind of Man, 422). Halban, Joliot,…and Kowarski reported that several free neutrons are released for each uranium that splits. Their experiments "recognized that under suitable conditions such secondary neutrons might in turn induce fission in other nuclei, setting in motion a chain reaction capable of sustaining itself until the uranium was entirely consumed" (Sikme, Lise Meitner: A Life in Physics, 261). The "experiments raised the prospect that fission might be used to generate immense quantities of energy" (ibid). CONDITION & DETAILS: London: Macmillan. 4to. (10.5 x 7.5 inches; 262 x 188mm). Original paper wraps with very slight remnants of creases within. Clean and bright inside and out.
