Forbes Alexanderhik Sherrington Sir Charles (1 results)

Am. J. Physiol., 35/4. - November, 1914, 8°, pp.367-376, orig. wrappers; stained. First Editon! From the Laboratories of Physiology in the University of Liverpool and in the Harvard Medical School. Received for publication September 30, 1914 "Tn the course of some experiments undertaken with decerebrate preparations from the cat we noticed that not infrequently such preparations give evidence of reflex response to acoustic stimuli. Since fully similar observations do not appear, so far as we are aware, to have been recorded, we give here a brief account of the reactions as met in our experiments." Forbes & Sherrington Effects of acoustic stimulation on the spinal cord - "As early as 1914 Forbes and Sherrington reported that decerebrate cats gave what appeared to be a reflex response to acoustic stimulation. This so called 'acoustic reflex' involved movements of the pinna, neck, tail and limbs. Due to the kind of motor responses seen, the reflex was felt to be orienting in nature. It was noted that in certain instances the response was characteristic of anger and very aggressive in nature. With the main interest in research on auditory pathways in the past having been that of the projections up to the cortex or other higher central nervous system structures, very little attention seems to have been paid to the physiological phenomena reported by Forbes and Sherrington. Fifty years after the first report was published a second appeared by Gernandt and Ades. " Charles D. Barnes J. Steven Thomas: Effects of acoustic stimulation on the spinal cord. Brain Research, 7 (1968): pp.303-305 Alexander Forbes (1882-1965) was an American electrophysiologist, neurophysiologist, and professor of physiology at Harvard Medical School. He "had an enormous impact on the physiology and neuroscience of the twentieth century." Sir Charles Scott Sherrington (1857-1952) was a British neurophysiologist. His experimental research established many aspects of contemporary neuroscience, including the concept of the spinal reflex as a system involving connected neurons (the "neuron doctrine"), and the ways in which signal transmission between neurons can be potentiated or depotentiated. Sherrington himself coined the word "synapse" to define the connection between two neurons. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1932 (along with Edgar Adrian). In addition to his work in physiology, Sherrington did research in histology, bacteriology, and pathology.