Deborah Tor is Associate Professor of Medieval Middle Eastern History at the University of Notre Dame. Her areas of specialization include the ʿAbbasid Caliphate (AD 750-1258), and the Persianate Dynastic Period of Islamic history (c. AD 850-1220). Her publications include five books and dozens of research articles, on subjects ranging from the privatization of Jihad in the eighth century, to Sunni renunciants and their attitude toward the ʿAbbasid caliphs; the history of early Shiʿism; military slavery in medieval Islam; the Saffarid and Samanid dynasties; and the history of relations between the Seljuq sultans and the ʿAbbasid caliphs. D.G. Tor has held major research fellowships from institutions including the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Institute for Advanced Studies, the American Council of Learned Societies, the Israel Institute for Advanced Studies, and the American Institute of Afghanistan Studies.