Heidi Hardt is an Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of California, Irvine. Her research focuses on NATO, European security, international organizations, knowledge, learning, change, gender and climate security. She was a 2021-2022 Council on Foreign Relations International Affairs Fellow (CFR-IAF TIRS) during which time she worked for a Congresswoman, a Senator and subsequently the NATO Desk at the U.S. State Department. She is the author of two books: NATO’s Lessons in Crisis: Institutional Memory in International Organization (Oxford 2018) and Time to React: The Efficiency of International Organizations in Crisis Response (Oxford 2014). Her research has appeared in PLOS One, Journal of Politics, PS: Political Science & Politics, European Journal of International Relations, Review of International Organizations, European Security, Global Governance, African Security, Journal of Global Security Studies, book chapters and other venues. NSF, Fulbright, NATO, Carnegie and the IGCC have funded her research.