All data are the result of human actions whether by experimentations, observations, or declarations. As such, the presumption of knowing what data are about is subject to imperfections that can affect the validity of research efforts. With calls for data-based research comes the need to assure the reliability of generated data. The reliability of converting texts into analyzable data has become a burning issue in several areas. However, this issue has been met by only a few limited, and sometimes misleading measures of the extent to which data can be trusted as surrogates of the phenomena of analytical interests. The statistic proposed by the author – "Krippendorff’s Alpha" – is widely used in the social sciences, not only where human judgements are involved but also where measurements are compared.

The Reliability of Generating Data expands on the author’s seminal work in content analysis and develops methods for assessing the reliability of the kind of data that previously defied evaluations for this purpose. It opens with a discussion of the epistemology of reliable data, then presents the most basic alpha coefficient for the single-valued coding of predefined units. This largely familiar way of measuring reliability provides the platform for the succeeding chapters which start with an overview of alternative coefficients and then expand alpha one quality after another, including to cope with the reliabilities of multi-valued coding, segmenting texts into meaningful units, big data, and information retrievals. It also includes a chapter on how to diagnose and remedy imperfections and one on applicable standards, all converging on the statistical issues of the reliability of generating data.

Features:

Provides an overview of methods for assessing the reliability of generating data
Expands a statistic proposed by the author, already widely used in the social sciences
Includes many easy to follow numerical examples to illustrate the measures
Written to be useful to beginning and advanced researchers from many disciplines, notably linguistics, sociology, psychometric and educational research, and medical science

About the Author

Klaus Krippendorff, PhD., PhD.hc, graduate from the Ulm School of Design and the University of Illinois, Urbana, was the Gregory Bateson Professor Emeritus for Cybernetics, Language, and Culture at the Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania. He wrote his dissertation on content analysis at a time when this method was quite underdeveloped. Content Analysis, An Introduction to its Methodology became a leading text now in its 4th Edition. The book earned the International Communication Association (ICA)’s 2004 recognition as the most influential work. The issue of reliability followed him into numerous empirical ventures. It taught him that data cannot be taken as the starting point of scientific research without knowing how they came about, what they mean, and for whom besides their analyst. In 2012, the Methodology Division of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication (AEJMC) recognized his "Agreement and Information in the Reliability of Coding" as their "Article of the Year." He wrote over a hundred frequently cited publications, not only on reliability but also On Communicating, Otherness, Meaning, and Information. In the area of design, he advocated a human interactive approach to understanding technological artifacts as well as of the design discourse that guide them: The Semantic Turn, A new Foundation for Design. In the area of Cybernetics, he received several awards for his contributions in the form of books and articles in academic journals. He wrote and taught seminars on the discursive construction of realities, not just of the social world but also of what natural scientists say they describe. He co-edited Discourses in Action; What Language Enables Us to Do. He critically explored how such constructions impact everyday life, for example, the algorithms we live with. His focus was on the possibilities of emancipation from oppression due to widely shared but burdensome realities, mistaken as unalterable facts. This frames the first chapter of the book, starting with answering the question "When are Data?" Klaus Kripendorff passed away in October 2022.

"About this title" may belong to another edition of this title.

Store Description

We carry a wide selection of books from South Asia, United States, UK.

Visit Seller's Storefront

Seller's business information

Readingos GmbH
Kaiserstra�e 47, Frankfurt am Main, 60329, Germany

Sale & Shipping Terms

Terms of Sale

Right of withdrawal

If you are a consumer you can withdraw from the contract in accordance with the following. Consumer means any natural person who is acting for purposes which are outside his trade, business, craft or profession.

Information regarding the right of withdrawal

Statutory right to withdraw

You have the right to withdraw from this contract within 14 days without giving any reason.

The withdrawal period will expire after 14 days from the day on which you acquire, or a third party other than the carrier and indicated by you acquires, physical possession of the last good or the last lot or piece.

To exercise the right of withdrawal, electronically fill in and submit a clear statement on our website, under "My Purchases" in "My Account". We will communicate to you an acknowledgement of receipt of such a withdrawal on a durable medium (e.g. by e-mail) without delay.

To meet the withdrawal deadline, it is sufficient for you to send your communication concerning your exercise of the right of withdrawal before the withdrawal period has expired.

Effects of withdrawal

If you withdraw from this contract, we will reimburse to you all payments received from you, including the costs of delivery (except for the supplementary costs arising if you chose a type of delivery other than the least expensive type of standard delivery offered by us).

We may make a deduction from the reimbursement for loss in value of any goods supplied, if the loss is the result of unnecessary handling by you.

We will make the reimbursement without undue delay, and not later than 14 days after the day on which we are informed about your decision to withdraw from this contract.

We will make the reimbursement using the same means of payment as you used for the initial transaction, unless you have expressly agreed otherwise; in any event, you will not incur any fees as a result of such reimbursement.

We may withhold reimbursement until we have received the goods back, or you have supplied evidence of having sent back the goods, whichever is the earliest.

You shall send back the goods or hand them over to Biblios, frankfurt am main, Germany, without undue delay and in any event not later than 14 days from the day on which you communicate your withdrawal from this contract to us. The deadline is met if you send back the goods before the period of 14 days has expired. You will have to bear the direct cost of returning the goods. You are only liable for any diminished value of the goods resulting from the handling other than what is necessary to establish the nature, characteristics and functioning of the goods.

Exceptions to the right of withdrawal

The right of withdrawal does not apply to:

The delivery of newspapers, journals or magazines with the exception of subscription contracts; and
The supply of digital content which is not supplied on a tangible medium (e.g. on a CD or DVD) if you accepted when you placed your order that we could start to deliver it, and that you could not withdraw once delivery had started.

Shipping Terms

Shipping rates from Germany to U.S.A.

Shipping rates from Germany to U.S.A.
Order quantity	25 to 45 business days	8 to 14 business days
First item	� 8.53	� 16.04

Delivery times are set by sellers and vary by carrier and location. Orders passing through Customs may face delays and buyers are responsible for any associated duties or fees. Sellers may contact you regarding additional charges to cover any increased costs to ship your items.

Detailed Seller Information