• Evolution of Plant Viruses: Trace the evolutionary history of plant viruses, examining their origins, diversification, and adaptation to various host plants and environments over time.

• Molecular Biology: Explore the molecular mechanisms underlying plant virus replication, transmission, and pathogenesis, including genome structure, gene expression, and interaction with host factors.

• Host-Pathogen Interactions: Investigate the dynamic interactions between plant viruses and their host plants, including mechanisms of virus recognition, immune responses, and molecular arms race between host defense and viral evasion strategies.

• Transmission and Spread: Discuss the diverse modes of transmission and spread of plant viruses, including vector-mediated transmission by insects, nematodes, and fungi, as well as non-vector mechanisms such as mechanical transmission and seedborne transmission.

• Disease Management Strategies: Examine integrated approaches for managing plant virus diseases, including cultural practices, host resistance breeding, biological control, and chemical control measures, tailored to specific crops and production systems.

• Molecular Diagnosis: Discuss molecular diagnostic techniques for detecting and identifying plant viruses, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), serological assays, and next-generation sequencing (NGS), enabling rapid and accurate diagnosis for disease management.

• Plant Virus Epidemiology: Explore the principles of plant virus epidemiology, including factors influencing disease outbreaks, spatial and temporal patterns of virus spread, and modeling approaches for predicting disease dynamics and designing control strategies.

• Emerging Threats and Future Directions: Consider emerging challenges posed by new and re-emerging plant virus pathogens, as well as opportunities for innovation in virus management strategies, such as RNA interference (RNAi) technology and genome editing techniques.

"About this title" may belong to another edition of this title.

Store Description

We carry a wide selection of books from South Asia, United States, UK.

Visit Seller's Storefront

Seller's business information

Readingos GmbH
Kaiserstra�e 47, Frankfurt am Main, 60329, Germany

Sale & Shipping Terms

Terms of Sale

Right of withdrawal

If you are a consumer you can withdraw from the contract in accordance with the following. Consumer means any natural person who is acting for purposes which are outside his trade, business, craft or profession.

Information regarding the right of withdrawal

Statutory right to withdraw

You have the right to withdraw from this contract within 14 days without giving any reason.

The withdrawal period will expire after 14 days from the day on which you acquire, or a third party other than the carrier and indicated by you acquires, physical possession of the last good or the last lot or piece.

To exercise the right of withdrawal, electronically fill in and submit a clear statement on our website, under "My Purchases" in "My Account". We will communicate to you an acknowledgement of receipt of such a withdrawal on a durable medium (e.g. by e-mail) without delay.

To meet the withdrawal deadline, it is sufficient for you to send your communication concerning your exercise of the right of withdrawal before the withdrawal period has expired.

Effects of withdrawal

If you withdraw from this contract, we will reimburse to you all payments received from you, including the costs of delivery (except for the supplementary costs arising if you chose a type of delivery other than the least expensive type of standard delivery offered by us).

We may make a deduction from the reimbursement for loss in value of any goods supplied, if the loss is the result of unnecessary handling by you.

We will make the reimbursement without undue delay, and not later than 14 days after the day on which we are informed about your decision to withdraw from this contract.

We will make the reimbursement using the same means of payment as you used for the initial transaction, unless you have expressly agreed otherwise; in any event, you will not incur any fees as a result of such reimbursement.

We may withhold reimbursement until we have received the goods back, or you have supplied evidence of having sent back the goods, whichever is the earliest.

You shall send back the goods or hand them over to Biblios, frankfurt am main, Germany, without undue delay and in any event not later than 14 days from the day on which you communicate your withdrawal from this contract to us. The deadline is met if you send back the goods before the period of 14 days has expired. You will have to bear the direct cost of returning the goods. You are only liable for any diminished value of the goods resulting from the handling other than what is necessary to establish the nature, characteristics and functioning of the goods.

Exceptions to the right of withdrawal

The right of withdrawal does not apply to:

The delivery of newspapers, journals or magazines with the exception of subscription contracts; and
The supply of digital content which is not supplied on a tangible medium (e.g. on a CD or DVD) if you accepted when you placed your order that we could start to deliver it, and that you could not withdraw once delivery had started.

Shipping Terms

Shipping rates from Germany to U.S.A.

Shipping rates from Germany to U.S.A.
Order quantity	25 to 45 business days	8 to 14 business days
First item	� 8.54	� 16.05

Delivery times are set by sellers and vary by carrier and location. Orders passing through Customs may face delays and buyers are responsible for any associated duties or fees. Sellers may contact you regarding additional charges to cover any increased costs to ship your items.

Detailed Seller Information