This monograph explores some aspects of the interface between technology, competitiveness and the role of multinational enterprises (MNEs) in the modern world economy. It draws on a number of paradigms and theories based on two main streams of economic thought, and contends that the internationalization of production not only affects the competitiveness of the firms undertaking the production, but also that of other firms which are part of their sphere of influence or network of activities. Foremost among these are suppliers and competitors in both the home countries of the MNEs and the host countries in which their affiliates operate, but through such avenues as managerial and labour turnover, the spillover or multiplier effect is often much wider than this. It is seen that, both within industries and between industries, MNEs affect the way economic activity is organized, the pattern of that activity and its outcome - in short, the competitiveness of countries. The issue of the difference between the competitiveness of firms and that of countries is addressed. Acccording to the author, MNEs judge their success by how well they perform relative to other firms, independently of where they produce their output, as many produce the majority of the value-added outside their national boundaries. Countries, however, judge success by the efficiency at which their own resources, or those which their firms may use abroad, can create value-added activities for their own citizens. The modern situation is compared with that of a century ago, and the differences and their economic causes are discussed.

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Store Description

Since 1960, we mainly have continued to specialize in bringing antiquarian books, academic western books and published materials, doctoral dissertations, microforms and electronic publications to its university and academic clients throughout Japan. We strive to be not the largest, but the "first and foremost" specialist firm in Japan.

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Members of these associations are committed to maintaining the highest standards. They vouch for the authenticity of all items offered for sale. They provide expert and detailed descriptions, disclose all significant defects and/or restorations, provide clear and accurate pricing, and operate with fairness and honesty during the purchase experience.

Seller's business information

Yushodo co., ltd.
1542, Fuefuki-shi, YAMAN, 406-0026, Japan

Sale & Shipping Terms

Terms of Sale

All books are selling with our best price with excellent packing.
We accept Visa/MC/AE/CB. If you wish to order books above $800.00, we can add other mayment opptions such Wire Transfer or Invoice for a temporary period of time. Please contact us before ordering. Also, if you are concerned about books condition, we are willing to send you some photos.

Right of cancellation

If you are a consumer you can cancel the contract in accordance with the following. Consumer means any natural person who is acting for purposes which are outside his trade, business, craft or profession.

INFORMATION REGARDING THE RIGHT OF CANCELLATION

Statutory Right to cancel

You have the right to cancel this contract within 14 days without giving any reason.

The cancellation period will expire after 14 days from the day on which you acquire, or a third party other than the carrier and indicated by you acquires, physical possession of the the last good or the last lot or piece.

To exercise the right to cancel, you must inform us, Yushodo Co., Ltd., Yushodo Operation Center, 1542 Nakagawa, Isawa-cho,, 406-0026, Fuefuki-shi, Yamanashi Pref., N/A, Japan, 81-55-262-5622, of your decision to cancel this contract by a clear statement (e.g. a letter sent by post, fax or e-mail). You may use the attached model cancellation form, but it is not obligatory. You can also electronically fill in and submit a clear statement on our website, under "My Purchases" in "My Account". If you use this option, we will communicate to you an acknowledgement of receipt of such a cancellation on a durable medium (e.g. by e-mail) without delay.

To meet the cancellation deadline, it is sufficient for you to send your communication concerning your exercise of the right to cancel before the cancellation period has expired.

Effects of cancellation

If you cancel this contract, we will reimburse to you all payments received from you, including the costs of delivery (except for the supplementary costs arising if you chose a type of delivery other than the least expensive type of standard delivery offered by us).

We may make a deduction from the reimbursement for loss in value of any goods supplied, if the loss is the result of unnecessary handling by you.

We will make the reimbursement without undue delay, and not later than 14 days after the day on which we are informed about your decision to cancel with contract.

We will make the reimbursement using the same means of payment as you used for the initial transaction, unless you have expressly agreed otherwise; in any event, you will not incur any fees as a result of such reimbursement.

We may withhold reimbursement until we have received the goods back or you have supplied evidence of having sent back the goods, whichever is the earliest.

You shall send back the goods or hand them over to us or Yushodo Co., Ltd., Yushodo Operation Center, 1542 Nakagawa, Isawa-cho,, 406-0026, Fuefuki-shi, Yamanashi Pref., N/A, Japan, 81-55-262-5622, without undue delay and in any event not later than 14 days from the day on which you communicate your cancellation from this contract to us. The deadline is met if you send back the goods before the period of 14 days has expired. You will have to bear the direct cost of returning the goods. You are only liable for any diminished value of the goods resulting from the handling other than what is necessary to establish the nature, characteristics and functioning of the goods.

Exceptions to the right of cancellation

The right of cancellation does not apply to:

the delivery of newspapers, journals or magazines with the exception of subscription contracts; and
the supply of digital content (including ebooks) which is not supplied on a tangible medium (e.g. on a CD or DVD) if you accepted when you placed your order that we could start to deliver it, and that you could not cancel it once delivery had started.

Model withdrawal form

(complete and return this form only if you wish to withdraw from the contract)

To: (Yushodo Co., Ltd., Yushodo Operation Center, 1542 Nakagawa, Isawa-cho,, 406-0026, Fuefuki-shi, Yamanashi Pref., N/A, Japan, 81-55-262-5622)

I/We (*) hereby give notice that I/We (*) withdraw from my/our (*) contract of sale of the following goods (*)/for the provision of the following goods (*)/for the provision of the following service (*),

Ordered on (*)/received on (*)

Name of consumer(s)

Address of consumer(s)

Signature of consumer(s) (only if this form is notified on paper)

Date

* Delete as appropriate.

Shipping Terms

Orders usually ship within 1-2 business days. Domestic Shipments are sent by SAGAWA. International Shipments are sent by Registered AIR MAIL or Registered SAL MAIL. We will send you a trucking information day after shipping.
If your order is too heavy or too oversized, we may contact you to require extra shipping fees.

Shipping rates from Japan to U.S.A.

Shipping rates from Japan to U.S.A.
Order quantity	40 to 60 business days	35 to 60 business days
First item	� 26.00	� 52.01

Delivery times are set by sellers and vary by carrier and location. Orders passing through Customs may face delays and buyers are responsible for any associated duties or fees. Sellers may contact you regarding additional charges to cover any increased costs to ship your items.