1. Introduction. There is much interest in the general subject of porous inorganic materials with respect to their use as sorbents or catalysts. Such inorganic solids may be microporous, mesoporous or macroporous according to the sizes of the pores within the solid. Often there is a range of pore sizes within any given solid and so there is special interest in the synthesis, characterisation and application of porous inorganic solids with well defined pores. Pores of diameter larger than 50 nm are generally termed macropores. Those with diameters of less than 2 nm are micropores and pores of intermediate size are called mesopores. Solids, which contain only mesopores, are correctly called mesoporous but very often there is a combination of different types of porosities within one given solid. The synthesis, characterisation and application of microporous solids is much more advanced than is the case with mesoporous substances. Moreover, the synthesis of crystalline mesoporous materials is one clear goal for the future but which has not been attained so far. Consequently, it is of interest to examine the current state of our knowledge of microporous materials and to examine how this may apply to mesoporous materials. Both catalytic and sorption processes could benefit from studies of mesoporous solids because the mesopores could permit diffusion of larger reactants or products than is the case in microporous materials. 2.
There is a great deal of interest in the general subject of porous inorganic materials in regard to their use as sorbents or catalysts. The solids may be microporous, mesoporous, or macroporous. Often there is a range of pore sizes within any given solid, and so there is special interest in the synthesis, characterisation and application of solids having well-defined pores. The first part of the book deals with the theory and practice of the measurement of pore-size distributions. Part II goes into porous crystalline materials. The zeolites are, by definition, microporous, but it is important to understand the mechanisms whereby such crystalline porous materials are formed, so as to suggest methods for the synthesis of mesoporous materials. Pillared layered solids are investigated in Part III.There are clear indications that the current generation of microporous materials may be developed to give PLS which combine micro and mesoporosity, while a totally mesoporous solid may not be far off. Part IV covers sol-gel methods, where important new developments mean that oxides can be produced with high purity and with well-defined pore sizes.
Methods of characterising the materials are also studied, with solid state NMR (including 27Al-NMR), X-ray and neutron scattering, pulsed ESR, and electrokinetic potential measurements being discussed in Part V. Finally, applications are discussed in Part VI.
