Modeling Phase Transitions in the Brain

. Ed(s): Steyn-Ross, Alistair; Steyn-Ross, Moira

ISBN 10: 1441907955 / ISBN 13: 9781441907950

Published by Springer-Verlag New York Inc., 2010

Some brain-state transitions such as sleep cycling, and anesthetic induction, are obvious and detected readily with a few EEG electrodes, and others such as the emergence of gamma rhythms during cognition are more subtle. This book contends that the bulk changes in brain behavior can be treated as phase transitions between distinct brain states. Editor(s): Steyn-Ross, Alistair; Steyn-Ross, Moira. Series: Springer Series in Computational Neuroscience. Num Pages: 306 pages, 79 black & white illustrations, 24 colour illustrations, 14 black & white tables, biograp. BIC Classification: MJN; MMB; PSAN. Category: (P) Professional & Vocational. Dimension: 235 x 155 x 25. Weight in Grams: 728. . 2010. Hardback. . . . . Seller Inventory # V9781441907950

Synopsis:

Foreword by Walter J. Freeman.

The induction of unconsciousness using anesthetic agents demonstrates that the cerebral cortex can operate in two very different behavioral modes: alert and responsive vs. unaware and quiescent. But the states of wakefulness and sleep are not single-neuron properties---they emerge as bulk properties of cooperating populations of neurons, with the switchover between states being similar to the physical change of phase observed when water freezes or ice melts. Some brain-state transitions, such as sleep cycling, anesthetic induction, epileptic seizure, are obvious and detected readily with a few EEG electrodes; others, such as the emergence of gamma rhythms during cognition, or the ultra-slow BOLD rhythms of relaxed free-association, are much more subtle. The unifying theme of this book is the notion that all of these bulk changes in brain behavior can be treated as phase transitions between distinct brain states.

Modeling Phase Transitions in the Brain contains chapter contributions from leading researchers who apply state-space methods, network models, and biophysically-motivated continuum approaches to investigate a range of neuroscientifically relevant problems that include analysis of nonstationary EEG time-series; network topologies that limit epileptic spreading; saddle--node bifurcations for anesthesia, sleep-cycling, and the wake--sleep switch; prediction of dynamical and noise-induced spatiotemporal instabilities underlying BOLD, alpha-, and gamma-band Hopf oscillations, gap-junction-moderated Turing structures, and Hopf-Turing interactions leading to cortical waves.

From the Back Cover:

Foreword by Walter J. Freeman.

The induction of unconsciousness using anesthetic drugs demonstrates that the cerebral cortex can operate in two very different  modes: alert and responsive versus unaware and quiescent.  But the states of wakefulness and sleep are not single-neuron properties---they emerge as bulk properties of cooperating populations of neurons, with the switchover between states being similar to the physical change of phase observed when water freezes or ice melts.  Some brain-state transitions, such as sleep cycling, anesthetic induction, epileptic seizure, are obvious and detected readily with a few EEG electrodes; others, such as the emergence of gamma rhythms during cognition, or the ultra-slow BOLD rhythms of relaxed free-association, are much more subtle.  The unifying theme of this book is the notion that all of these bulk changes in brain behavior can be treated as phase transitions between distinct brain states.

"Modeling Phase Transitions in the Brain" contains chapter contributions from leading researchers who apply state-space methods, network models, and biophysically-motivated continuum approaches to investigate a range of neuroscientifically relevant problems that include analysis of nonstationary EEG time-series; network topologies that limit epileptic spreading; saddle--node bifurcations for anesthesia, sleep-cycling, and the wake--sleep switch; prediction of dynamical and noise-induced spatiotemporal instabilities underlying BOLD, alpha-, and gamma-band EEG oscillations, gap-junction-moderated Turing structures, and Hopf--Turing interactions leading to cortical waves. 

Written for:

Researchers, clinicians, physicians, neurologists

About the editors:

Alistair Steyn-Ross and Moira Steyn-Ross are computational and theoretical physicists in the Department of Engineering, University of Waikato, New Zealand.  Theyshare a long-standing interest in the application of physics-based methods to gain insight into the emergent behavior of complex biological systems such as single neurons and interacting neural populations.

Bibliographic Details

Title: Modeling Phase Transitions in the Brain
Publisher: Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
Publication Date: 2010
Binding: Hardcover
Condition: New