MICROPROCESSORS AND APPLICATION

Microprocessors are a mass storage device. They are the advanced form of computers. They are also called as microcomputers. The impact of microprocessor in different lures of fields is significant. The availability of low cost, low power and small weight, computing capability makes it useful in different applications. The microprocessor is a multipurpose, clock driven, register based, programmable electronic device which accepts digital or binary data as input, processes it according to instructions stored in its memory, and provides results as output. Microprocessors contain both combinational logic and sequential digital logic. Microprocessors operate on numbers and symbols represented in the binary numeral system. A microprocessor incorporates the functions of a CPU on a single integrated circuit or a few integrated circuits. It is a computer processor on a microchip and is a multipurpose, programmable device that uses digital data as input and provides results as an output once it processes the input according to instructions stored in its memory. Microprocessors use sequential digital logic as they have internal memory and operate on numbers and symbols represented in the binary numeral system. They are designed to perform arithmetic and logic operations that make use of data on the chip. General purpose microprocessors in PCs are used for multimedia display, computation, text editing and communication. Several microprocessors are part of embedded systems. These embedded microprocessors provide digital control to several objects including appliances, automobiles, mobile phones and industrial process control.

This book takes applications of microprocessors that goes from academic to practical elements to the industrial and domestic illustrating modern applications. Now a days, a microprocessor based systems are used in instructions, automatic testing product, speed control of motors, traffic light control, light control of furnaces etc. The applications of microprocessors are enormous. Almost every aspect of our lives are affected by a device that works on a microprocessor at some point. In instrumentation devices such as frequency counters, function generators, frequency synthesizers, spectrum analyses and many other instruments. Control and communications, from the everyday devices like microwave oven, washing machine and so on, microprocessors are being used in controlling various parameters like speed, pressure, temperature. It is very useful in the field of instrumentation. Frequency counters, function generators, frequency synthesizers, spectrum analyses and many other instruments are available, when microprocessors are used as controller. It is also used in medical instrumentation. In telephone industry, these are used in digital telephone sets, telephone exchanges and modem. The use of microprocessor in television, satellite communication made teleconferencing possible. LAN and WAN for communication of vertical information through computer networking. Microprocessor based microcomputer with software packages has changed the office environment. Microprocessors based systems are being used for word processing, spread sheet operations, storage etc. The microprocessor has revolutionize the publication technology. The use of microprocessor in toys, entertainment equipment and home applications is making them more entertaining and full of features. The use of microprocessors is more widespread and popular.

Nelson Bolivar has a PhD. in physics from the University of Lorraine in France finished in 2014. His expertise is in quantum systems and condensed matter. His interest includes spintronic devices and correspondences between general relativity and condensed matter. He is currently an associate professor at the Central University of Venezuela.