Synopsis
While many Web 2.0-inspired approaches to semantic content authoring do acknowledge motivation and incentives as the main drivers of user involvement, the amount of useful human contributions actually available will always remain a scarce resource. Complementarily, there are aspects of semantic content authoring in which automatic techniques have proven to perform reliably, and the added value of human (and collective) intelligence is often a question of cost and timing. The challenge that this book attempts to tackle is how these two approaches (machine- and human-driven computation) could be combined in order to improve the cost-performance ratio of creating, managing, and meaningfully using semantic content. To do so, we need to first understand how theories and practices from social sciences and economics about user behavior and incentives could be applied to semantic content authoring. We will introduce a methodology to help software designers to embed incentives-minded functionalities into semantic applications, as well as best practices and guidelines. We will present several examples of such applications, addressing tasks such as ontology management, media annotation, and information extraction, which have been built with these considerations in mind. These examples illustrate key design issues of incentivized Semantic Web applications that might have a significant effect on the success and sustainable development of the applications: the suitability of the task and knowledge domain to the intended audience, and the mechanisms set up to ensure high-quality contributions, and extensive user involvement. Table of Contents: Semantic Data Management: A Human-driven Process / Fundamentals of Motivation and Incentives / Case Study: Motivating Employees to Annotate Content / Case Study: Building a Community of Practice Around Web Service Management and Annotation / Case Study: Games with a Purpose for Semantic Content Creation / Conclusions
About the Author
Elena Simperl works as a Senior Lecturer at the University of Southampton in the UK. She has been active as a Semantic Web researcher for almost a decade, authoring over 75 publications, and serving as Chair in several relevant scientific conferences, such as the European Semantic Web Conference, which she coordinated as General Chair in 2012. Elena has been involved in over 20 European and national projects in the field of semantic technologies. Among others she led the European research project INSEMTIVES, which dealt with questions related to this book. Roberta Cuel is an Assistant Professor of Organization Studies in the Faculty of Economics, University of Trento in Italy. Her research interests aim at discovering the interdependencies be tween technology and organizations, in particular the impacts of innovative technologies on teams, communities, and organizational models, the study of distributed tools and processes which al low organizational learning and knowledge management, and knowledge representation systems as mechanisms for knowledge reification processes. She has a PhD in organization and management from the University of Udine and has written a number of chapters in books, as well as articles in international journals and has served as a Program Committee member for various interdisciplinary conferences Martin Stein studied Information Systems at the University of Siegen in Germany. During his studies he worked on different nationally and EU-funded projects. He wrote his diploma thesis on the topic of “Motivation for Participation - Meta Data Creation for the Eclipse Ecosystem”. Since 2010 he has been working as a research associate at the Institute for Information Systems and New Media at the University of Siegen. His research interests are HCI, ambient assisted living and design for the aging society
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