Cancer and Evolution

Cancer cells exist in an ever-changing “ecology” and are subject to evolutionary pressures just like any species in nature. This edited book explores the following themes: 1) how the dynamics of mutation, epigenetics, and gene expression noise are sources of genetic diversity; 2) how scarce resources influence cancer therapy resistance; 3) how predator-prey dynamics are mirrored in immune-cancer cross-talk; 4) how cancer cells parallel niche construction theory; 5) how changing fitness landscapes enable cancer growth; and 6) how cancer cells interact within the body. The book is a resource for understanding cancer as a disease of multicellularity grounded in evolutionary principles. By using this knowledge, researchers are starting to exploit these behaviors for treatment paradigms.

Key Features

• Bridges disciplines exemplifying the ways disparate fields create new perspectives when integrated.
• Offers insights from leading scholars in cancer biology, ecology and evolutionary biology.
• Provides a timely recognition by oncologists that evolutionary paradigms are crucial for breakthroughs in cancer treatment.
• Integrates basic and applied sciences of oncology and evolutionary biology.

Jason A. Somarelli is a molecular biologist, who received his doctoral degree from Florida International University in Miami, FL and was an American Cancer Society postdoctoral fellow at Duke University. He is currently an Assistant Professor in the Department of Medicine at Duke University. Somarelli serves as the Director of Research for the Duke Cancer Institute Comparative Oncology Group and is the Director of the Duke University Marine Laboratory Scholars in Marine Medicine Program. Dr. Somarelli’s research uses evolutionary and ecology paradigms to understand molecular adaptations to extreme environments. His work spans diverse topics, such as the evolutionary pressures faced by cancer cells during drug treatment and metastatic spread, the molecular adaptations of whales and other marine mammals to low oxygen conditions, and the evolution of microbes to use plastic as a nutrient source. In addition to his scholarly activities, Dr. Somarelli is passionately involved in training and education, leading multiple outreach and research training programs for high school students and undergraduates in an effort to enhance diversity in STEM careers.

Norman A. Johnson is an evolutionary geneticist, who received his doctoral degree from the University of Rochester and was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Chicago. He is now an adjunct professor in the Biology department at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. Johnson has also taught at the University of Chicago, the University of Texas at Arlington, and Hampshire College. Most of his research has been on the genetics and evolution of why hybrids between species are often sterile or inviable. Other research interests include the evolution of sex chromosomes, the evolution of extremely large dietary niches in insects, conflict between different parts of the genome, and the interplay between the relaxation of selection and the loss of traits. Johnson’s first book, Darwinian Detectives: Revealing the Natural History of Genes and Genomes (Oxford University Press, 2007), examines how biologists infer the action of natural selection and other evolutionary processes from DNA sequence information. More recently, he wrote Darwin’s Reach: 21st Century Applications of Evolutionary Biology (CRC Press, 2022). This book explores how ideas and information from evolutionary are being used in diverse ways in the realms of health, food, the environment, and society at large. Dr. Johnson has been active in science communication and outreach; notably, he co-led the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center working group on communicating the relevance of human evolution.