This book is about relevant recent research topics in understanding aquaculture for practical approaches; aquatic science, engineering, feed and nutrition, immunology and health are reviewed. The book includes information on why certain fish strains differ in disease resistance, all the current data on fish cell populations, the regulation of the response by factors, and the major histocompatibility complex are explained in detail. The book contains the chapters on nutrition, feed and feed additives, ecology, immunology, microbiology, toxicology, biochemistry, nanotechnology, pharmacology, and biotechnology, among other fields of basic and applied research. Over the past era, scientists have recognized the importance of nutrition in maintaining the health of humans and other animal species, including fish. Humans and other terrestrial animals were the focus of previous research on the links between nutrition, immune response, and disease resistance. However, attempts to conduct similar studies using fish have met with limited success in the last two decades due to a lack of understanding of the immune response in fish. In most facilities, the animals are kept at relatively high densities, causing stress and disease problems are the challenges that we face today and this book opens up the exciting new area of research to truly understand the relationship between fish genetics and immune reactivity. The aquatic immune system turns out to be a crucial reference as aquatic products are increasingly used as model systems for vertebrate immune systems. This book provides that the research students and scientists with a useful text on the latest knowledge of the aquatic feed and nutrition, immune system, cutting-edge technologies, draws everyone’s attention to the practice of small-scale aquaculture and provides a guide on how to responsibly use the water ecosystem and the steps needed to develop, test and market fish vaccines. The chapters will serve as introductions to these fields and up-to-date reviews of recent research advances. This book is intended for a wide range of readers, including nutritionists, disease specialists, feed formulators, students, extension specialists, and farmers, as well as university teachers, graduates and doctoral students in zoology, physiology, aquaculture, and biology in general.

About the Author

Dr. B. Balamuralikrishnan, Ph.D. is an Assistant Professor in Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea. His area of research focuses multidisciplinary in biological science on Molecular Genetics, Food Microbiology, Animal Science, Nutrition Science and Food Biotechnology, especially Food Resources and Microbiological Science. His interests include, Nutrition in Aquaculture; synthesis of bioactive compounds from natural-by products and their applications nutraceutical; isolation, and characterization of probiotic for food/feed supplementation and biological field. To, his credit, he has participated in various International/symposia/conferences in USA, Canada, Japan, Austria, Italy, Czech Republic, Thailand, South Korea and has published more than 100 research papers in international journal of repute. He has been serving as Academic Editor in Journal of “PlosOne”, Guest Editor in Animals [MDPI] and act as potential reviewer in many high reputed journals. He has been acted Life Member in various scientific societies such as The Korean Society of Food Science and Technology, Poultry Science Association, Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology, Animal Nutrition Society of India (ANSI). Dr. B. Balamuralikrishnan, worked as Post-doctoral researcher in Department of Animal Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea and Research Assistant in Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India.

Dr. Wen-Chao Liu, PhD. is an Associate Professor in Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, China. His area of research focuses Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, especially the nutritional regulation of immune response and redox status in stressed animals. His interests include extraction of bioactive compounds and synthesis of nanomaterials from natural-by products (especially the marine source), and their applications foranimals and aquaculture. He has published more than fifty research papers in international peer-review journals, four of the papers were selected as Essential Science Indicators (ESI) Highly Cited Papers. He acted as potential reviewer in many high reputed journals. He has been acted Life Member and Director in various scientific societies such as Animal Ecology Branch of Chinese Society of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Animal Welfare and Healthy Production Branch of Chinese Society of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine.

Dr. Govindharajan Sattanathan PhD, is an Assistant Professor at the MASS College of Arts and Science College, Department of Life Science, at Bharathidasan University, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India, and is the author or co-author of 7 peer-reviewed journal articles and eight conference papers and a newsletter. He is a reviewer and editorial board member of several peer-reviewed journals. He has been an active member of the organizing committees of several national and international seminars and conferences. He received a BSc, M.Sc (Zoology) from Government Arts College Autonomous), Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu, India, after graduating from Government Arts College (Autonomous), Kumbakonam. Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Trichy, he was selected UGC Project Fellow (Major Research Project) in Government College for Women (Autonomous), Kumbakonam for the Ph.D. He worked as an Assistant Professor in MASS College of Arts and Science (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Trichy – 24), Kumbakonam – 612 501, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India, from Nov 2017 to Feb 2021. Currently, he working as Assistant Professor & Head, Department of Zoology, Sacred Heart Arts and Science College, Perani – 605 651, Tindivanam, Villupuram, Tamil Nadu, India from March 2021.

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