CHAPTER 1
History Of American Monopolies
An American Study Of Business & Monopolies
Our history of the American system of monopolies with business, and government goes back centuries. These industry, and competitive business values where established with a variation of products like petroleum, coal, railroads, boats, roadways, bridges, dams, clothing's, food, guns, cars, telegraphs, houses, then telephones, mail delivery, and other valued business concerns. Also from the 1800s to 2012 a vast amount of monopolies and businesses dealing with subjects like treated water, wastewater, gas, and electric or mechanical products, and services have become regional monopolies that people depend on having. This has become a massive resource of Americans conducting business as monopolies along with various dependable public utility businesses with "utility holding company act" responsibilities.
Since the early 1900s most all public utility companies are still working to make their monopolized markets a vital level of appreciation, and liability. Understanding this, the American infrastructure was created, and it has been changing for centuries. These changes, includes how the infrastructure has been incorporated with all public utility operating equipment, but cost effective maintenance cannot be overlooked. This has been valuable in America from the Presidential days of Abraham Lincoln to now with President Barack Obama when the infrastructure is recognized along with other utilization necessities.
Another resource of liability that improves products, services, and the infrastructure includes the governed involvement, and activities of the American system of local, county, state and federal government regulators. Besides a population of hundreds of millions of American citizens, and numerous corporate businesses all local, state, and federal government officials with agencies observes, and regulates millions of products, and services annually. This also includes the provisions and enforced regulatory concern for the people, land, air, and water (c/o the Environmental Protection Agency) in most all logical regions of America. Therefore after centuries of product, and service developments the existence of the U.S. Constitution with amendments also became a factor with safety, and U.S. Anti-Trust laws. These are the laws that provided regulation for logical and fair opportunities to businesses being regulated from the 1930s up to the present 2000 millennium time of today.
The changing times (c/o good and bad issues) of controlled markets besides live stock (c/o horses, chickens, hogs, and cattle) which includes other products, and services are a diversion of indifference from public utility monopolies. These are livestock products that along with various commodities have become valuable to industry, and the people of the United States. As horses (c/o buggies) use to be a common form of transportation, various public and private businesses were established, and then they were closely regulated by local, state, and the U.S. federal government. This became the observation of various monopolized business systems in America as patents were documented through government, and even conferred by investors. Therefore the creator of an invention has a right by law of government for a vast amount of product ownership disciplines of making, using, and the sale of patent rights over a period of time.
Throughout the 1800s up to the recent times of 2000 a vast amount of factors within people, and even the blacksmith metal working process had various production values. As years went on this increased with the demand for steel made structured products like guns, boats, cars, trucks, electrical transformers, bridges, airplanes, and other items. The format of structural steel construction items, and product system components made in various steel mills of a corporate capacity expanded by satisfying public utility and lawful product equipment requirements. Then this provided products like boats, cars, trucks, bridges, and railroad trains with tracks to be valuable products, byproducts, and various standardized industry components. This is the format of American industry that has become important to the American people, and their need for products to be reliable, and dependable.
Boat travel in America and throughout the world started before the 1800s, but they made advancements in various ways which occurred with increasing conditions of technology. Between England, and America the invention of steam powered engine boats, and trains during the 1830s and 1850s continued to make advancements. Other transportation resources included the development, and process of building U.S. Naval ships, ocean cruse-ships for passengers or cargo, submarines for defense, civilian watercrafts, and various boating industry product concerns. These ships have been around for centuries, but the most modern ships lately have been designed, and built by companies like General Dynamics, and Northrop Grumman shipbuilding. Considering today these ships have become well advanced with nuclear energy operating technology upon which these companies, certain colleges, universities, and government have made advancements from research and development.
Over the decades from the 1970s shipping harbors have become innovated for import and export business markets. This is the concern that out of the hundreds of shipping ports in America the largest and most productive ports are in Louisiana, Texas, California, and West Virginia. These diversified port authorities throughout the American society consist of cruse-ships, fishing vassals, local and or national commodities of food. Then this includes oil and coal with some international goods, other deliveries, and marinas of local boating value, and overall waterway infrastructure resources.
There are smaller shipping, and boat manufactures that specialized in a diversified industry for people with concerns of traveling, or working within professions, and occupations on America's diversified waterways. Understanding this they therefore have a variation of the watercraft products for the American general public, and business values to satisfy various consumers. The fishing industry has come a long way similar to boats, and even submarines that are used for defense, research, and even the oil industry of offshore oil exploration, drilling, and distribution. Observing this concept of the boating, and shipping product industries, America with other countries have made business, and boat travel a severely relevant factor for a variety of product, and service demands.
The level of advancements can be recognized in the American automobile industry with diversified vehicles for everyday people, and industry. When Henry Ford (c/o Ford Motor Co) was starting the manufacturing process of cars in the 1920s with rivals General Motors Corp, and Chrysler Corp whom were following this creation of a large market, there was not as a single monopoly easily established. This industry concern expanded competitively to the extent of how between 2006 and 2012 Alan Mulally the recent CEO of Ford Motor Company kept this company as an automaker productive through a bad American economy. Therefore this large market of high cost ticket items consist of engineers, lawyers, and other professionals observing government regulation for massive manufacturing, and industry standards. These are issues that had to be evaluated with the American economy.
Locomotive railroad travel during the 1880s became a strong industry concern which today (c/o 2010) consist of more diversified freight, and passenger train services. Understanding these diversified railroad services this industry continued to become innovated with various expanding liability disciplines, and business controlled markets. These were market and industries such as the distribution of coal and even live stoke like chickens and cows. Therefore the distribution was created to be astute.
Some railroads since the 1930s have managed to become the subway system of today in most largely populated cities. Observing these subway train systems one of the more detailed factors is that most of these subway trains are electric operated, and then there is an electric utility bill or agreement to the transit authority. Also another factor includes a diversified condition of labor union, and nonunion work force of employees with duties that must be managed on a large, and or logical scale. Considering this factor local and long distance travel became detailed.
Subway train systems in places like Chicago, New York City, Washington D.C., Los Angeles, and a few others earn logical revenue every day. These cities usually have millions of riders a day on these subway train systems. Then these trains and railroad systems require maintenance, upkeep, and upgraded rail system components. Therefore even with electricity to move trains, the people in business whom worked on these active systems of moving passengers, and various capacities of freight have had conditional arguments, conflicts, and labor or business agreements as they earned income. As constructive arguments occurred, this has help improve various engineering, safety, and economic laws with workable business values.
The New York City Subway system is owned by the City of New York, and leased to the New York Transit Authority which is a subsidiary agent of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority consisting of 468 train stations in 2012. This subway system today as of being the 7th largest in the world has operated for over 100 years. Contrary to these factors during the first decade of 2000 on occasions this subway system has been the target of terrorist plots where security had to be increased by the New York City Transit police, and other law enforcement authorities. This was considered after the September 11, 2001 attacks, and a 2005 subway bombing in Loudon, England.
The Chicago subway system is the second largest American system behind New York, and it is called "the L" which is due to its (EL) elevated track design which operates above various downtown roadways. Chicago's subway system is managed by the Chicago Transit Authority whom also manages the city's bus transportation system. This Midwest Illinois regional electric train system also has a Metropolitan (the Metro) train for Chicago suburbs, and the South Shore (c/o NICTD) system as the Northwest Indiana Commuter Transportation District which comes together as 1 major hub in downtown Chicago. Other subway systems that are active consist of Washington D.C., Los Angeles, and the San Francisco system which connects to some parts of Oakland, California.
Everyone that was employed on various projects like constructing railroad track systems had consistent or continuous work for various people over the last two centuries. Then many decades ago there was those people that barely earned a wage like some "sharecroppers, or prison inmates" upon which includes labor and non-labor workers whom stayed conditionally busy. These people constantly working on infrastructures like railroad tracks which sometimes included bridges, roads, and utilities became vital. Then these components where observed for their diversified travel resources which has appropriately helped numerous transportation routes in America.
Managing railroads from the 1880s up until the 2000s has consisted of diversified investments, and the design of specified tracks for specified trains. These business and technical engineering values with the U.S. government are issues that are part of why the U.S. Railroad Act of 1862 was established. This was the monopolized control of government work from U.S. President Abraham Lincoln, and the United States Congress. Observing these separated powers of government, they made this decision to help build an infrastructure system of railroad tracks, and telegraph utility lines.
Over the decades it's been understood that public and private business monopolies also depend on various other public utilities. These factors of the American system of monopolies, and government have been responsible to grasp most of these markets with regulatory discipline. This also consist of the understanding that they somewhat provide taxable revenue, but as public utilities make advancements "the American infrastructure" has been held to some delays. These issues make this a slow and detailed effort in some regions along with the process for vital upgrades that still become an issue. Understanding this concern a vast amount of American city officials forgot how important it is for the city government, and public utility monopolies are to become and maintain a workable resource together.
Considering various facts the city of Detroit filed for bankruptcy during July of 2013. This was a problem which like some other cities consisted of infrastructure, housing, and school closing problems with various crimes. These conflicts lead to law suits, and a dysfunctional city that could have been managed better. Then occasionally (c/o Detroit, Mi. and some other major cities) this becomes a logical, and diversified process of maintaining an upgraded infrastructure when "government assets must be fixed" with a combination of workable components.
Contrary to the good and bad economic times of Detroit with that automobile industry, Detroit's monopolized electric utility is DTE Energy which used to be named Detroit Edison. Part of the overall restructuring as it applies to the City of Detroit, utilities, and schools is part of the loss in population. In 1970 Detroit had 1.5 million people, and as of 2010 they have 713,777 people which is a loss of more than 50% of the population. Understanding this, a vast amount of issues has changed even as in 2013 they have been critically observed for having 78,000 abandon properties.
Observing other markets, and components of a monopoly this included the years during the 1830s, and 1840s of developing telegraphs with Morse code. The "Telegraph and Mores code" was developed by Samuel Morse, and then soon after came telephones by Alexander Bell. Samuel Morse also received one of the first telephone and utility pole contracts throughout the United States starting at $30,000.00 in the 1840s to manage the design, and construction of these monopolized utility structures. Decades later we now have cell phones with towers, and the internet which have created various market monopolies with strong percentages of sales, and professional disciplines. Then this becomes the work to hold customer satisfaction in this new and arbitrary market astute with liable dependability.
The telegraph by way of Morse code and the Western Union Company contrary to their business existence today became a monopoly for Americans, and some other developing countries. This became the technological process of sending telegrams to other people, businesses, and government in far-away places at a good rate of speed. These advancements throughout business, and industry from scientist, inventors, engineers, then computer programmers, and others is part of what makes America, and some other well developed countries maintain a society of resourceful progress.
The arbitrary industry concerns of the internet and cell phones are part of a new infrastructure within wired and now wireless communication, which includes an increasing use of cell phone towers with commercial satellites. The format of commercial satellite use, have been lately lacking appropriate, and vital regulation from regional entities of the American system of state and federal government duties. These Separation of Power issues in government is part of factual disciplines that the U.S. Constitution was written, and established over 235 years ago, but today it still applies to amended old, and new laws with regulatory disciplines. Then the regulation of various products and services are part of the domestic tranquility, and prosperity for justifiable living.
The executive, legislative, and judicial duties of power with government become vitally important to the enforcement, and creation of established laws. These laws and the equation of separated government power are outlined with U.S. Anti-Trust legal values, and Amendments to the U.S. Constitution to improve the American society which includes business equality. All branches of the American system of government recognize this equation of small, large, or monopolized businesses which goes along the lines of some other social concerns like the economy.
With various strong market components most telephones, and communication business issues became effective for most all American regions, but U.S. Anti-Trust laws in the factor of "trust busting" have been a harmful problem. These became conflicting and destructive issues of hurt and timeless ridicule to some American small business owners from expanding. Then these levels of fair and unfairly considered business within American values are conflicting as it applies to small expanding business owners, and even investors that must protect or observe the invested interest of their business. Therefore it becomes inevitable that laws are enforced without costing businesses too much of their reliable income.
