Synopsis
Arqueologia de la Segunda Guerra Mundial en Sudamerica: el asentamiento Nazi de Teyú Cuaré reports on a remarkable discovery and a pioneering piece of research in the historical archaeology of Latin America. In the jungle on the border between Argentina and Paraguay, near the bank of the Paraná River, an unknown settlement was found nestled between rocky cliffs. While there were local references to it having been the refuge of Nazi General Martin Bormann, studies showed that it had indeed been built to house someone at the end of World War II; this is impossible, however, for Bormann who died in Berlin. An extensive archaeological and historical study of the site and its environment allowed it to be dated to between 1943 and 1946 and revealed that it was made by local people to house a family whose stay was of a brief duration. The constructions are of very poor quality, plain stacked stones, but following a modern, complex plan arranged according to contemporary bourgeois needs, and foreign to the wooden and thatch architecture of the region. It is possible that pre-existing remains were used and that after their abandonment there were sporadic occupants. The finds are characterised by exotic luxuries (European porcelain, cut glass, silverware and weapons), German coins and coins from the occupied countries of Western Europe, and even papers and photographs hidden in a wall.|En la selva en la frontera entre Argentina y Paraguay, cerca de la orilla del río Paraná, se encontró un asentamiento ubicado entre acantilados rocosos. Si bien había referencias locales a que había sido el refugio del general Nazi Martin Bormann, los estudios demostraron que fue construido para albergar a alguien en el final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, pero que es imposible que lo haya usado Bormann quien murió en Berlín. Un extenso estudio arqueológico e histórico, en el sitio y el entorno, permitió fecharlo para los años 1943 y 1946, y que fue hecho para albergar una familia cuya permanencia duró poco tiempo. Las construcciones son de pésima calidad, simples piedras apiladas, pero siguiendo un plano moderno, complejo y acorde a las necesidades burguesas de la época, exóticas a la región de cabañas de madera. Incluso es posible que hayan usado algún resto preexistente, y que luego de su abandono haya habido ocupantes esporádicos. Quedan docenas de muros casi inútiles que rodeaban el sitio, hechas por quienes no entendieron una guerra moderna, pero que lograron un escondite excepcional. La basura se caracterizó por lujos exóticos a la selva (porcelanas, cristal tallado, cubiertos de plata y armas), monedas alemanas y de otros países invadidos e incluso fotografías escondidas en un muro. Un hallazgo notable y una investigación pionera en trabajos de arqueología moderna en América Latina.
About the Author
Daniel Schávelzon is an architect and archaeologist, founder and director of several institutions devoted to historical archaeology in Latin America. He has published nearly forty books on the subject and has received prizes and grants from the Guggenheim Foundation, the National Gallery of Art in Washington and several others around the world. He works to encourage the development of historical archaeology and urban archaeology in Latin America. Ana Igareta is an anthropologist at the Museo de La Plata, Argentina, currently working in historical archaeology, and a Researcher at the National Scientific and Technical Research Council. She is the author of several books and academic papers. She has worked as researcher and director of a variety of projects in several Argentinian universities and museums.; Daniel Schávelzon es Director del Centro de Arqueología Urbana de la Universidad de Buenos Aires de la que es Profesor Titular, fundó el Área de Arqueología del Gobierno de la ciudad de Buenios Aires y el Área Fundacional de Mendoza. Investigador Superior del Conicet. Autor de cerca de curenta libros en arqueología urbana, historia de arte y de la arquitectura e América Latina. Ana Igareta es Curadora de colecciones de la División Arqueología del Museo de La Plata, Investigadora Adjunta del CONICET. Autora de artículos académicos y de divulgación, docente de grado y postgrado, ha desempeñado como investigadora y directora de proyectos de investigación acreditados en diversas universidades y museos del país.; Daniel Schávelzon is an architect and archaeologist, founder and director of several institutions devoted to historical archaeology in Latin America. He has published nearly forty books on the subject and has received prizes and grants from the Guggenheim Foundation, the National Gallery of Art in Washington and several others around the world. He works to encourage the development of historical archaeology and urban archaeology in Latin America.; Ana Igareta is an anthropologist at the Museo de La Plata, Argentina, currently working in historical archaeology, and a Researcher at the National Scientific and Technical Research Council. She is the author of several books and academic papers. She has worked as researcher and director of a variety of projects in several Argentinian universities and museums.
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