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BEFORE THE PROCEDURE: The Moral Sources of Action and the Critique of Discourse Ethics - Softcover

Almeida De Moraes, Renato

 
9798172138140: BEFORE THE PROCEDURE: The Moral Sources of Action and the Critique of Discourse Ethics

Synopsis

BEFORE THE PROCEDURE: The Moral Sources of Action and the Critique of Discourse EthicsWhat makes a person act against injustice? Is political action ultimately driven by rational argument, social interests, inherited values—or by something that precedes them all?Before the Procedure offers a critical reconstruction of one of the central debates in contemporary political theory. Beginning with Jürgen Habermas’s theory of communicative action and discourse ethics, Renato Almeida de Moraes examines a fundamental difficulty in procedural accounts of democracy: a procedure may explain how norms can be justified, but can it explain what motivates subjects to act, resist, and struggle for recognition? In dialogue with Habermas, Charles Taylor, Axel Honneth, George Herbert Mead, John Dewey, Pierre Bourdieu, and major traditions of Brazilian social thought, the book develops an alternative account of political agency. Its central distinction is between procedural morality—concerned with the justification of valid norms—and procedural ethics, understood as the process through which individuals form moral judgments and constitute their practical identities. At the heart of the argument lies a provocative thesis: the deepest source of transformative political action is neither rational calculation nor the mechanical effect of social structure. It is the moral experience of disrespect—the experience through which subjects perceive an injury, interpret it as unjust, and acquire a language capable of transforming suffering into resistance and resistance into collective struggle. The argument moves from Habermas’s communicative rationality to the liberal–communitarian controversy, from theories of Brazilian inequality to Honneth’s theory of recognition. Throughout, the book asks how political theory can explain domination without reducing those subjected to it to passive products of structure, and how democracy can preserve the subjective freedom from which criticism and emancipation become possible. Before the Procedure ultimately proposes a theory of political action that restores the first-person perspective of the actor—the subject who evaluates, experiences disrespect, refuses what has been assigned to them, and acts. Before justification comes moral experience; before the procedure stands the subject capable of demanding that the world be otherwise.

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