Soulstealers:the Chinese Sorcery Scare of 1768 (Chinese Edition) - Softcover

Philip A.Kuhn

 
9787542643216: Soulstealers:the Chinese Sorcery Scare of 1768 (Chinese Edition)

Synopsis

Midway through the reign of the Ch'ien-lung emperor, Hungli, in the most prosperous period of China's last imperial dynasty, mass hysteria broke out among the common people. It was feared that sorcerers were roaming the land, clipping off the ends of men's queues (the braids worn by royal decree), and chanting magical incantations over them in order to steal the souls of their owners. In a fascinating chronicle of this epidemy of fear and the official prosecution of soulstealers that ensued, Philip Kuhn provides an intimate glimpse into the world of eighteenth-century China. Kuhn weaves his exploration of the sorcery cases with a survey of the social and economic history of the era. Drawing on a rich repository of documents found in the imperial archives, he presents in detail the harrowing interrogations of the accused--a ragtag assortment of vagabonds, beggars, and roving clergy--conducted under torture by provincial magistrates. In tracing the panic's spread from peasant hut to imperial court, Kuhn unmasks the political menace lurking behind the queue-clipping scare as well as the complex of folk beliefs that lay beneath popular fears of sorcery. Kuhn shows how the campaign against sorcery provides insight into the period's social structure and ethnic tensions, the relationship between monarchs and bureaucrats, and the inner structure of the state. Whatever its intended purposes, the author argues, the campaign offered Hungli a splendid chance to force his provincial chiefs to crack down on local officials, to reinforce his personal supremacy over top bureaucrats, and to restate the norms of official behavior.

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Product Description

《叫魂:1768年中国妖术大恐慌》讲述的是一个关于"盛世妖术"的故事。在中国的千年帝制时代,乾隆皇帝可谓是前没有古人后无来者。他建立并巩固起来的大清帝国达到了权力与威望的顶端。然而整个大清的政治与社会生活却被一股名为"叫魂"的妖术搅得天昏地暗。在1768年由春天到秋天的那几个月里,这股妖风竟然冲击了半个中国,百性为之惶恐,官员为之奔命,连乾隆也为之寝食难安。作者孔飞力细致入微的描写令人颤栗,他生动地再现了各省的恐慌是如何演变成一场全国性的除妖运动。《叫魂:1768年中国妖术大恐慌》也表现出了一种更为宏大的学术视野,在构建以"叫魂"案为中心的"大叙事"的过程中,在方法论的层次上将社会史、文化史、政治史、经济史、区域分析、官僚科层制度分析以及心理分析等研究方法结合在一起。本书可作为学生必读参考书。《叫魂:1768年中国妖术大恐慌》为学术名著。通过讲述在1768年从春天到秋天的那几个月里发生在乾隆盛世达到登峰造极之时,把整个大清的政治与社会生活搅得天昏地暗的一股名为"叫魂"的妖术,重在讨论这背后的历史意蕴,帮助读者理解传统中国政治和中国社会的一些基本问题。吴石匠其实什么也不会。他知道,在一般人的想象中,石匠同木匠及其他工匠一样,拥有凶险不祥的魔力(对此,我将在第五章中予以解释)。他无疑是知道沈农夫重述的那些流言的;但他更怕自己被牵扯进叫魂的罪恶勾当。于是,他立即召来了当地保正,将沈农夫扭送德清县里盘问。阮知县下令将沈农夫打了二十五大板后才许开释。然而,妖术问题给吴石匠带来的麻烦却并未就此结束。过不多久,他就会被卷入一场公众歇斯底里的大爆发中。早春的一个傍晚,一个名叫计兆美的德清人正在一位新近过世的邻居家中帮着料理丧事。在回家的路上,他喝了几杯酒。回到家里时已经筋疲力尽。叔叔疑心他是在外面赌了钱,便打了他一顿。计兆美既羞又怕,从家里逃了出去,走了六十多里路到了省府杭州,打算在这里靠乞讨为生。4月3日的三更时分,他不知怎么来到了离杭州有名的西湖不远的净慈寺前。一个路人对他的口音起了疑心。当计兆美承认自己是来自德清的时候,已被一大帮人团团围住。人群中有人高声喝道:"你是德清人,半夜三更到此,不是做贼,定是因为你们那里造桥,来到这里叫魂的!"人们的怒火被煽动起来,他们抓住这个外乡人,拳脚相加地殴打他。打过一阵后,他们又把他拖到当地保正的家中。保正将计兆美捆在一张板凳上,恐吓他道,如果再不讲实话,就还要拷打他。计兆美已是伤痕累累,又被这一切吓坏了,便胡诌出一个故事,说他确实是来叫魂的。"你既是叫魂的,身上必有符咒",保正厉声喝道,"从实招来,共叫过多少魂?"计兆美说,他身上本有五十张纸符,但已将其中的四十八张扔进了西湖。他用剩下的那两张咒死了两个孩子--孩子的名字是他胡编出来的。第二天,计兆美先被带到了营里,又从那里被带到了坐落于同一城市的杭州府钱塘县衙门。在那里,一位姓赵的县官向计兆美盘问:"你是从哪里得了这符咒的?又是谁在指使你干这叫魂的勾当?"计兆美曾经听说过有关德清县城桥工程的种种谣传,诸如木桩很难打到河底,石匠们需要借用活人的名字,以其灵魂精气来为他们的大锤助力,等等。他也听说过,为首承办的石匠是一个叫吴什么的,并隐约记得

Review

Kuhn's fascinating particulars demonstrate how in any society provincial panic can become a national witch-hunt. A masterful study by one of the West's premier Chinese historians.--Frederic Wakeman, Jr "New York Review of Books "

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