The Biliary System: Second Edition (Colloquium Series on Integrated Systems Physiology: From Molecule to Function) - Softcover

Wang, David Q.-H.; Neuschwander-Tetri, Brent A.; Portincasa, Piero

Softcover

ISBN 10: 1615047379 ISBN 13: 9781615047376

Publisher: Morgan and Claypool Life Sciences, 2016

Synopsis

The liver is a vital organ involved in numerous metabolic processes such as cholesterol and bile acid metabolism, biliary lipid secretion, and bile formation. Cholesterol balance across the liver has a crucial effect on influencing plasma total and LDL cholesterol levels and biliary cholesterol concentrations. Cholesterol and bile acid biosyntheses are primarily modulated by negative feedback regulatory mechanisms through the sterol regulatory element-binding protein isoform 2 (SREBP-2) and the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) pathways, respectively. The conversion of cholesterol to bile acids in the liver can balance the fecal excretion of bile acids, which is an important route for the removal of cholesterol from the body. Bile formation begins in the bile canaliculi, and maintenance of the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids results in a continuous secretion of bile. Hepatic secretion of biliary lipids is determined mainly by a group of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters that are located on the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes, which are regulated by various nuclear receptors. Bile acids promote bile flow by their osmotic effects. Also, they are essential for the intestinal absorption of cholesterol, fatty acids, and fat-soluble vitamins and play an important role in aiding the digestion of dietary fat. Bile acids function as signaling molecules and anti-inflammatory agents to regulate lipid, glucose, and energy metabolism by rapidly activating nuclear receptors and cell signaling pathways. This eBook summarizes the progress in the molecular and cellular mechanisms of cholesterol and bile acid metabolism and the physical-chemistry of biliary lipids, with emphasis on biliary lipid metabolism that is regulated by nuclear receptors in the hepatobiliary system.

About this title

About the Authors

Saint Louis University School of Medicine

University of Bari Medical School

Edition details

• Publisher: Morgan and Claypool Life Sciences
• Publication date: 2016
• Language: English
• ISBN 10: 1615047379
• ISBN 13: 9781615047376
• Binding: Paperback
• Edition number: 2
• Number of pages: 188