Constructive Negations and Paraconsistency: 26 (Trends in Logic, 26) - Hardcover

Odintsov, Sergei

Hardcover

ISBN 10: 1402068662 ISBN 13: 9781402068669

Publisher: Springer, 2008

Synopsis

Thetitleofthisbookmentionstheconceptsofparaconsistencyandconstr- tive logic. However, the presented material belongs to the ?eld of parac- sistency, not to constructive logic. At the level of metatheory, the classical methods are used. We will consider two concepts of negation: the ne- tion as reduction to absurdity and the strong negation. Both concepts were developed in the setting of constrictive logic, which explains our choice of the title of the book. The paraconsistent logics are those, which admit - consistent but non-trivial theories, i. e. , the logics which allow one to make inferences in a non-trivial fashion from an inconsistent set of hypotheses. Logics in which all inconsistent theories are trivial are called explosive. The indicated property of paraconsistent logics yields the possibility to apply them in di?erent situations, where we encounter phenomena relevant (to some extent) to the logical notion of inconsistency. Examples of these si- ations are (see [86]): information in a computer data base; various scienti?c theories; constitutions and other legal documents; descriptions of ?ctional (and other non-existent) objects; descriptions of counterfactual situations; etc. The mentioned survey by G. Priest [86] may also be recommended for a ?rst acquaintance with paraconsistent logic. The study of the paracons- tency phenomenon may be based on di?erent philosophical presuppositions (see, e. g. , [87]). At this point, we emphasize only one fundamental aspect of investigations in the ?eld of paraconsistency. It was noted by D. Nelson in [65, p.

About this title

From the Back Cover

This book presents the author’s recent investigations of the two main concepts of negation developed in the constructive logic: the negation as reduction to absurdity (L.E.J. Brouwer) and the strong negation (D. Nelson) are studied in the setting of paraconsistent logic.

The paraconsistent logics are those, which admit inconsistent but non-trivial theories, i.e., the logics which allow making inferences in non-trivial fashion from an inconsistent set of hypotheses. Logics in which all inconsistent theories are trivial are called explosive. In the intuitionistic logic Li, the negation is defined as reduction to absurdity. The concept of strong negation is realized in the Nelson logic N3. Both logics are explosive and have paraconsistent analogs: Johansson’s logic Lj and paraconsistent Nelson’s logic N4. It will be shown that refusing the explosion axiom "contradiction implies everything" does not lead to decrease of the expressive power of a logic. To understand, which new expressive possibilities have the logics Lj and N4 as compared to the explosive logics Li and N3, we study the lattices of extensions of the logics Lj and N4. This is the first case when lattices of paraconsistent logics are systematically investigated. The study is based on algebraic methods, demonstrates the remarkable regularity and the similarity of structures of both lattices of logics, and gives essential information on the paraconsistent nature of logics Lj and N4.

The methods developed in this book can be applied for investigation of other classes of paraconsistent logics.

Edition details

• Publisher: Springer
• Publication date: 2008
• Language: English
• ISBN 10: 1402068662
• ISBN 13: 9781402068669
• Binding: Hardcover
• Number of pages: 248