Flow and Transport Processes with Complex Obstructions: Applications to Cities, Vegetative Canopies and Industry: 236 (NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, 236) - Softcover

Softcover

ISBN 10: 1402053843 ISBN 13: 9781402053849

Publisher: Springer, 2006

Synopsis

The NATO Advanced Study Institute “Flow and Transport Processes in Complex - structed Geometries: from cities and vegetative canopies to engineering problems” was held in Kyiv, Ukraine in the period of May 4 - 15, 2004. This book based on the papers presented there provides an overview of this new area in ?uid mechanics and its app- cations that have developed over the past three decades. The subject, whose origins lie both in theory and in practice, is now rapidly developing in many directions. The focus of applied ?uid mechanics research has steadily been shifting from - gineering to environmental applications. In both ?elds there has been great interest in the study of ?ows around obstacles; initially single isolated obstacles, and then groups, together with the e?ects of nearby resistive surfaces, such as the walls of a pipe, the ground or a free surface in hydraulics. Simpli?ed theoretical analysis began with studies of axisymmetric and cylind- cal free-mounted bodies. However other methods had to be used for quantifying the complete ?ow ?elds past arbitrary blu? bodies, either by using experiments or, when powerful computers became available, by direct calculation and solution of the full equations of ?uid dynamics. In most practical cases the Reynolds numbers are too large to compute all the small scale eddy motions which therefore have to be described statistically.

About this title

Synopsis

The monograph is the first book that reviews a variety of problems in different fluid mechanics disciplines that led to the concept of canopy, or penetrable roughness. Despite their diversity, many flows may be theoretically united by means of introducing distributed sinks and/or sources of momentum and heat and mass. Terrestrial vegetation, historically the first example of canopies, creates specific features of turbulence. Aquatic canopies exhibit a range of behaviour depending on the depth of submergence, geometrical forms of the obstacles and the patterns of their relative locations. These and other flows in engineering and environmental situations over surfaces with many obstacles are reviewed in terms of general concepts of fluid mechanics. They have been subject to examination by field-scale and laboratory experiments, and have been modelled and simulated using a variety of computational techniques and distinct regions of the flows are identified. Application of the flow modelling is also relevant to predicting the dispersion of pollutants in these complex flows, particularly for releases in street canyons and fire propagation.

Written by world-recognized experts, the book is of interest to researchers and students in general fluid mechanics and environmental physics, in hydraulics and meteorology, as well as in environment protection.

Edition details

• Publisher: Springer
• Publication date: 2006
• ISBN 10: 1402053843
• ISBN 13: 9781402053849
• Binding: Paperback
• Language: English
• Number of pages: 426
• Editor: Gayev Yevgeny A., Hunt Julian C.R.