Synopsis
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1896 Excerpt: ...free state, but common to a number of compounds, as (NO,)'. All such unsatisfied groups are called rests, and may be considered as rests, or residues, left by the elision of atoms from satisfied molecules, which may be either actually existent or hypothetical. Thus, (Oil)', hydroxyl, is a rest of Ha0, water; (NHJ' is a rest of NH„ the hypothetical ammonium; (Nil,)', amidogen, is a rest of Nil,, ammonia; (NO,)' is a rest of HN0„ nitric acid; (Pb(OII))' is a rest of Pb(OH)„ lead hydroxid. The use of rests enables us to classify compounds with great ease, and to make clear many important relations existing between them. For instance, it is not usually necessary to dissect the formulas of acids further than to show the number of hydroxyl rests in them; e.g.: (HO)NO,; (H0)aS0a; (HO),P. Nitric acid. Sulfuric acid. Phosphorous acid. BINARY AND TERNARY MOLECULES. Molecules are divided into two classes, binaries and ternaries. Binary molecules contain only two different kinds of atoms. Examples: hydrochloric acid, HC1; water, H10; manganese dioxid, MnOa; stannic chlorid, SnCl4. Ternary molecules contain three or more different kinds of atoms. Examples: hypochlorous acid, HOC1; carbon oxysulfid, COS; sulfuric acid, H,S04. When a binary molecule is composed of two artiads, the formula can be obtained at once by dividing the valence of the greater atom by that of the lesser. For instance, the simplest compound of Svl and 0" is S0„ the relation being 6-T-2 = 3. When one atom is an artiad and the other a perissad, then the least common multiple of the two valences divided by the valence of each gives the number of atoms to be taken. Thus, the simplest compound of Nv and 0" is N,Ot. The least common multiple of 5 and 2 is 10. 10-5-5 = 2. ...
"synopsis" may belong to another edition of this title.
