First Book of Chemistry; A Course of Simple Experiments for Beginners at Home and in Primary Schools - Softcover
Synopsis
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1887 edition. Excerpt: ...melted and poured over the surface, or a little grease rubbed on with the finger, will make it air-tight, when not exposed to heat. Experiment 1.--Drop a dozen small pieces of zinc into the bottle described above; pour on these, dilute hydrochloric acid, enough to well cover the zinc, and insert the cork and tube. Wait three or four minutes then hold a lighted match to the narrowed end of the tube. What effect? Experiment 2.--Ilold over the "philosopher's candle" a perfectly clear, dry glass bottle that will hold about a pint, and observe what appears on the inside of this bottle. Experiment 3.--Hold a fine iron wire in the flame of this new candle; also hold another similar piece of wire in the flame of a common tallow candle. Which becomes the hotter?. Experiment 4.--Hold a glass tube, open at both ends, over the flame of the philosopher's candle, as seen in Fig. 31. Move this tube slowly up and down. Can you hear anything like musical sounds? Also vary the experiment by using tubes of different lengths and sizes. The gas which you have seen burning, as it issued from the small tube, is hydrogen--another element. This is like oxygen in some of its properties, but very unlike it in others. It burned with a pale-blue flame; oxygen does not burn. On the other hand, things such as iron, sulphur, charcoal, etc., burned in oxygen, bat you could not make tbem burn in hydrogen gas. The iron wire held in the "philosopher's candle" soon became very hot, for this pale-blue flame gives a great deal of heat. The dry glass held over the flame became dimmed by vapor. This vapor was water--a compound of oxygen and hydrogen. Whenever hydrogen burns in the air, it robs the air of its oxygen and combines with it, and the watery vapor...
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