Synopsis
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1902 Excerpt: ... THE DANUBE AND THE RHINE IT remains to consider the policy of Augustus in relation to the northern frontier of the Empire. Elsewhere he practically accepted the boundaries which had been bequeathed to him by Julius and the Republic; here he marked out new frontiers of his own and engaged, sometimes vigorously, sometimes reluctantly, in the work of expansion. It will be most convenient in the course of this chapter to present a brief connected story of the wars which he waged in order to thrust forward his boundaries to the Danube, the Rhine delta, and the German Ocean. We shall then see the legions advance through Germany to the Weser and the Elbe, and finally, after suffering one great military disaster, draw back to the valley of the Rhine. The Republic had looked to the North with eyes apprehensive of barbaric invasion rather than eager with the hope of conquest. There had, it is true, been endless petty wars in the province of Cisalpine Gaul on the southern slopes of the Alps, and constant campaigns at the head of the Adriatic against the tribes of Illyricum. But, broadly speaking, one may say that the Republic had been content to allow the northern regions of Italy to remain in the hands of the hill men, who, from time to time, pillaged and harried the dwellers in the valleys, even when the Roman arms were subduing powerful nations in Spain, Africa, and the East. Italy, in fact, was not mistress of her own household until the time of Augustus, and he had started his career of conquest, not in the North but in the North-east, and had begun his long series of annexations by moving towards the Danube. As far back as B.C. 35, Augustus had undertaken his first campaign in Pannonia against the Iapydes, and advanced to the Save, where he captured the Pannoni...
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