5D Printing

3D Printing and 4D Printing require support materials for fabrication, ultimately affecting part quality and limiting applicability. 5D Printing adds dimensions to the layers of 3D Printing, opening previously unheard-of opportunities for efficiency, personalization, resource conservation and circular economy. This cutting-edge technology can play a pivotal role in addressing environmental challenges by minimizing waste, optimizing material usage, and streamlining production processes. The book is a fascinating journey through the evolution of traditional 3D Printing into the fifth dimension. It covers extrusion, metal, and gel-based 5D printing processes and 5D printing processes applicable to polymers and metals primary, secondary and tertiary recycling. This book also highlights rapid tooling in biomedical applications via 5D. 5D Printing is an accessible guide to 5D printing technology for engineering, structural, biomedical, healthcare, and automobile applications and showcases real-world examples of how 5D Printing can contribute to a more eco-friendly and economically viable manufacturing landscape.

Dr. Rupinder Singh is a Professor at the Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technical Teacher Training and Research, Chandigarh. He has received a Ph.D in Mechanical Engineering from Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Patiala. His research areas are additive manufacturing, 4D Printing, composite filament processing, rapid tooling, metal casting, and plastic solid waste management. He has authored more than 500 science citation-indexed research papers, ten books, and more than 100 book chapters, and has presented more than 100 research papers at various national/international conferences. Dr. Singh has been listed among the top 2% of scientists in the world, as reported by Stanford University in the year 2022-2025.

Dr. Ranvijay Kumar is an Associate Professor- Research at the Marwadi University Research Center, Marwadi University. He has received a Ph.D in Mechanical Engineering from Punjabi University, Patiala. Additive manufacturing, shape memory polymers, innovative materials, friction-based welding techniques, advanced materials processing, polymer matrix composite preparations, reinforced polymer composites for 3D Printing, 4D Printing, plastic solid waste management, thermosetting recycling and destructive testing of materials are the skills of Dr. Ranvijay Kumar. He has co-authored more than 100 research papers in science citation index journals, 11 books, and 82 book chapters and has presented 20 research papers at various national/international conferences. Dr. Kumar has been listed among the top 2% of world scientists, as reported by Stanford University, in the years 2022, 2023, 2024 and 2025.

Dr. J. Paulo Davim is a Full Professor at the University of Aveiro, Portugal. He is also distinguished as honorary professor in several universities/colleges/institutes in China, India and Spain. He received his PhD in Mechanical Engineering, MSc in Mechanical Engineering (materials and manufacturing processes) and Mechanical Engineering degree (5 years), from the University of Porto (FEUP), the Aggregate title (Full Habilitation) from the University of Coimbra and the DSc (Higher Doctorate) from London Metropolitan University. He is Fellow (FIET) of IET-London and Eur Ing by Engineers Europe FEANI-Brussels. He is also Senior Chartered Engineer by the Portuguese Institution of Engineers with an MBA and Specialist titles in Engineering and Industrial Management as well as in Metrology. He has more than 36 years of teaching and research experience in Manufacturing, Materials, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, with special emphasis in Machining, Tribology & Surface Engineering.