Mendeleev, Dmitri (24 results)

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1st Edition. FIRST EDITION OF THE FIRST OF MENDELEEV'S PREDICTED ELEMENTS TO BE IDENTIFIED, thereby confirming "the validity of the periodic system of elements" Mendeleev had designed (Niaz, Critical Appraisal of Physical Science, 62). "The confirmation of this prediction may certainly be called the culminating point in the history of the periodic system" (ibid). In 1869 "Mendeleev published a periodic table. Mendeleev also arranged the elements known at the time in order ofrelative atomic mass, but he did some other things that made his table much more successful. He realised that the physical and chemical properties of elements were related to their atomic mass in a 'periodic' way, and arranged them so that groups of elements with similar properties fell into vertical columns in his table. "Sometimes this method of arranging elements meant there were gaps in his horizontal rows or 'periods'. But instead of seeing this as a problem, Mendeleev thought it simply meant that the elements which belonged in the gaps had not yet been discovered. He was also able to work out the atomic mass of the missing elements, and so predict their properties. And when theywerediscovered, Mendeleev turned out to be right. "The discovery of the three elements predicted by Mendeleev was of decisive importance in the acceptance of his law. In 1875 Lecoq de Boisbaudran, knowing nothing of Mendeleev's work, discovered by spectroscopic methods a new metal, which he named gallium. Both in the nature of its discovery and in a number of its properties gallium coincided with Mendeleev's prediction for eka-aluminum, but its specific weight at first seemed to be less than predicted. "Although Lecoq de Boisbaudran objected to this interpretation, he made a second determination of the specific weight of gallium and confirmed that such was indeed the case. From that moment the periodic law was no longer a mere hypothesis, and the scientific world was astounded to note that Mendeleev, the theorist, had seen the properties of a new element more clearly than the chemist who had empirically discovered it. From this time, too, Mendeleev's work came to be more widely known" (Dictionary of Scientific Biography). CONDITION & DETAILS: Complete volume. Ex-libris bearing only a deaccessioned stamp on the back of the title page and slight ghosting at the spine where a spine level has been removed. 4to (11 x 8 inches; 275 x 200mm). [6], 1450, [2]. Bound in clean full blue cloth, gilt-lettered at the spine. Solidly and tightly bound. Very occasional toning, otherwise clean and bright throughout.

1 Bl., 160, 80 S. 12 mehtrfach gefalt. lithograph. Tafeln. Erste Ausgabe dieses seltenen Klassikers der Luftfahrtsgeschichte welches die Grundlage für die frühe russische Luftfahrt bildet und auch den Wegbereiter der russischen Raumfahrt Konstantin Tsiolkovsky beeinflusste. - "A large contribution to the development of aviation was made by D.I. Mendeleev, who conceived of a stratospheric balloon and devised plans for its construction in 1875. The first foreigner to construct a stratospheric balloon was Picard in 1931. In 1887, Mendeleev ascended 3,350 meters in the balloon to observe a solar eclipse. Mendeleev defined the future significance of aviation with great foresight. His "On the Resistance of Liquids and Aeronautics" (1880) served as one of the fundamental guides for work in shipbuilding, aeronautics, airplane construction, and ballistics" (Geldern & Stites: Mass Culture in Soviet Russia, p. 480). - Durchgehend etw. gebräunt, stellenw. etw. fleckig. *** *** Copyright: Matthaeus TRUPPE Buchhandlung & Antiquariat - Stubenberggasse 7 - A-8010 Graz - ++43 (0)316 - 829552 *** *** Sprache: Deutsch Gewicht in Gramm: 0 Gr.-8°. Mod. Lwd. mit eingebundenem OU (vorderer Deckel mit Eckabriss, hinterer Deckel gestempelt mit Randläsuren und hs. Notizen).

Original wrappers. Condition: Very Good. First edition. INTRODUCING THE PERIODIC TABLE TO THE WESTERN WORLD: FIRST EDITIONS OF TWO KEY PAPERS RELATING TO MENDELEEV'S DISCOVERY OF THE PERIODIC LAW-ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT DISCOVERIES IN MODERN CHEMISTRY. One of the most consequential scientific discoveries of the last 150 years was Dmitri Mendeleev's realization that if the chemical elements were listed in a natural order (originally by atomic weight, and later by atomic number), then the list could be broken down into rows and displayed in the form of a table in which the elements within each column of the table had similar chemical properties. The resulting tabular display of the elements is now known as the periodic table. Mendeleev explained the ability to construct such tables in terms of a general principle that chemical properties change periodically as one moves along the ordered list of elements. This insight had an important immediate consequence: it facilitated the identification of gaps in the list of known elements, and enabled chemists to predict the properties of the elements that would later be discovered to fill those gaps. Even more importantly, periodicity stimulated other theoretical advances. As E.R. Scerri notes: "Whenever scientists are presented with a useful pattern or system of classification, it is only a matter of time before they begin to ask whether there may be some underlying explanation for the pattern. The periodic system is no exception." (The Periodic Table, p. xix). Thus, the periodicity of element's chemical properties found a natural explanation in Bohr's 1913 proposal of a "quantum" model of the atom in which electrons were arranged in concentric "shells," each with a characteristic fixed size. As atomic number increased, so did the number of electrons in an atom. The additional electrons were added to the outermost shell one-by-one until it was full, and then they began occupying a new outer shell. The atoms of chemically similar elements were postulated to have the same number of electrons in their outer shells. In turn, that insight led to later developments in quantum theory-such as the Pauli exclusion principle and the spin-statistics theorem-which provided an explanatory framework for, and refined, Bohr's "shell" model. Like all prescient discoverers, Mendeleev stood on the shoulders of giants. The organization of the elements into groups with similar properties goes back to at least the eighteenth century, and some chemists had experimented in the 1860s with tabular arrangements of elements listed in order of increasing atomic weight (see Edward G. Mazurs, Graphic Representations of the Periodic System during One Hundred Years, ch. 1). Lothar Meyer, for example, drew a periodic table in 1868 but did not publish it. It was Mendeleev, however, who in 1869 announced the periodic law as the natural principle underlying such tables: "Mendeleev] is by far the leading discoverer of the [periodic] system. Although he was not the first to develop a periodic system, his version is the one that created the biggest impact on the scientific community at the time it was introduced and thereafter. His name is invariably and justifiably connected with the periodic system, to the same extent perhaps as Darwin's name is synonymous with the theory of evolution and Einstein's with the theory of relativity. "Although it may be possible to quibble about certain priority aspects of his contributions, there is no denying that Mendeleev was also the champion of the periodic system in the literal sense of propagating the system, defending its validity, and devoting time to its elaboration." (Scerri, The Periodic Table, p. 101). Mendeleev's discovery was initially announced in a paper read before the Russian Chemical Society in St. Petersburg in 1869, and published the same year in the Journal of the Russian Chemical Society (Zhurnal russkago khimicheskago obshchestva). However, it is the two works offered here that put the discovery before the eyes of chemists.

Hardcover. Condition: Good. 1st Edition. This collection was assembled under the guidance of William B. Jensen's book, Mendeleev on the Periodic Law. Selected Writings, 1869-1905 (2002). Jensen selected 11 papers by Mendeleev, published in journals from 1869-1899, and excerpts from two books, published in 1904-1905. The collection offered here contains papers 1-9 (1869-1889), 3 additional papers by Mendeleev (1869, 1871, 1895) that are cited by Jensen, as well as important, related publications by Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1875-1876) and by Lothar Meyer (1880, 1895). A FULL 9-PAGE DESCRIPTION OF THE WORKS IN THIS COLLECTION WILL BE SENT ON REQUEST. This full description contains detailed collation and condition information for each item, as well as a discussion of the historical importance of each item. IT IS ESSENTIAL TO READ THE FULL DESCRIPTION. The numbers 1-9 in this collection correspond to the numbers assigned by Jensen to Mendeleev's papers. I have assigned the numbers 1a, 2a, 3a to other papers by Mendeleev, and numbers 6a-6d and 8a to related papers by Lecoq de Boisbaudran and by Lothar Meyer. These are the papers by MENDELEEV in the collection: 1. MENDELEJEFF, D.: "Ueber die Beziehungen der Eigenschaften zu den Atomgewichten der Elemente." In: Zeitschrift für Chemie, Vol. 12 [Neue Folge V. Band], 1869, pp. 405-406. Entire journal volume offered. 1a. MENDELEEF, D.: "Versuche eines Systems der Elemente nach ihren Atomgewichten und chemischen Funktionen." In: Journal für praktische Chemie, vol. 106, 1869, p. 251. Entire journal volume offered. 2. (see photos 1-3) MENDELEEV, D.: "Sootnoshenie svoistv s atomnym vesom elementov." In: Zhurnal Russkoe Fiziko-Khimicheskoe Obshchestvo, Vol. 1, 1869, pp. 60-77. Entire journal volume offered. 2a. MENDELEJEFF, D.: Das natürliche System der chemischen Elemente. Abhandlungen von Lothar Meyer (1864-1869) und D. Mendelejeff (1869-1871). Herausgegeben von Karl Seubert. Ostwald's Klassiker der Exakten Wissenschaften, Nr. 68. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, 1895. 3. (see photos 4-5) MENDELEJEFF, D.: "Die periodische Gesetzmässigkeit der chemischen Elemente." (Aus dem Russischen von Felix Wreden). In: Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie, Vol. VIII. Supplementband, 2. Heft, pp. 133-229, with 2 periodic tables on p. 149 & 151. Entire journal issue offered. 3a. MENDELEEV, D.: "Estestvennaia sistema elementov i primenenie ee k ukazaniiu svoistv neotkrytykh elementov." In: Zhurnal Russkoe Fiziko-Khimicheskoe Obshchestvo, Vol. 3, pp. 25-56 (table on p. 31). Entire journal volume offered. 4. MENDELEJEFF, D.: "Zur Frage über das System der Elemente." In: Berichte der Deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin, Vol. 4, 1871, pp. 348-352. Entire journal volume offered. 5. MENDELEJEFF, D.: "Ueber die Anwendbarkeit des periodischen Gesetzes bei den Ceritmetallen; eine Erwiderung." In: Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie, Vol. 168, 1873, pp. 45-63. Entire journal volume offered. 6. MENDELEEFF, D.: "Remarque à propos de la découverte du gallium." In: Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Academie des Sciences, vol. 81, no. 21 (22 Novembre 1875), pp. 969-72. Entire journal issue offered. 7. MENDELEEFF, D.: "La loi périodique des éléments chimiques." Extrait du Moniteur Scientifique-Quesneville, numéro de Juillet 1879. First Separate Edition. Paris: Typographie de Ves Renow, Maulde & Cock, 1879. 8. MENDELEJEFF, D.: "Zur Geschichte des periodischen Gesetzes." In: Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft, Vol. 13, Juli-December, 1880, pp. 1796-1804. Entire journal volume offered. 9. MENDELEEV, D.: Dva Londonskikh tchtenia. Popytka prilogeniya k khimii odnogo iz natchal estestvennoy filosofii Newton'a i perioditcheskaya zakonnost' khimitcheskikh elementov [in Cyrillic]. Saint-Petersburg: 1889. First Edition in Russian. Item 9 in Jensen's book is the English translation ("The Periodic Law of the Chemical Elements"), which is not being offered in this collection.

Folio. Autograph manuscript. 24 ff., some leaves written on both sides. Revised by the author throughout. Stored in custom-made blue half morocco solander case. The original manuscript of Mendeleev's speech on "The Oscillation of the Balance", delivered at the General Meeting of the 10th Congress of Russian Naturalists in Kiev (August 1898). In his annotated bibliography of his own works, self-compiled in 1899, Mendeleev writes: "Predmet schitaju ochen' vazhnym i interesnym" ("A subject I find very important and interesting"). After the end of his teaching career at the University of St. Petersburg in 1890, Mendeleev was variously employed by the government bureaucracy. From 1892 on he was "concerned in the regulation of the system of weights and measures in Russia, a task that he discharged 'with enthusiasm, since here the purely scientific was closely interwoven with the practical.' In 1893 he was named director of the newly created Central Board of Weights and Measures, a post which he held until his death, and in connection with which he frequently traveled abroad" (DSB IX, 292). - "The great importance of Mendeleev's work", write Kayak and Smirnova, "was that in his approach to the development of the theory of balances and methods of accurate weighing he took into account the physical essence of the phenomena investigated, whereas many investigators before and even after him attempted to solve all the problems on the basis of purely mechanical conceptions [.] Mendeleev's interest in balances as the most important instrument in physical and chemical investigations was manifested from the very beginning of his scientific work. Long before his move to the Depot of Standard Weights and Measures he devoted much attention to the perfection of balances, and methods of accurate weighing. In 1861 Mendeleev succeded in observing the oscillations of balances from a distance, thereby eliminating the influence of the heat radiated by the observer on the balance; he also proposed the use of a heat distributor made of copper for a balance beam. Mendeleev's most important work on the development of the theory of balances and methods of accurate weighing was made at the Principal Bureau of Weights and Measures, where he took upon himself the entire responsibility for organizing and equipping the weight laboratory" (p. 25). - Occasional insignificant edge defects, but altogether a very well preserved manuscript. Includes a copy of the published text. - Published: Sochineniya 7, pp. 577-591. Reference: Sochineniya 25, p. 752, no. 275. - Cf. L. K. Kayak and N. A. Smirnova, Theory of balances and accurate weighing in the investigations of Mendeleev and later developments, in: Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika 9 (Sept. 1969), pp. 25-28.