Child Development: A Topical Approach - Hardcover

Clarke–Stewart, Alison; Friedman, Susan; Koch, Joanne Barbara

Hardcover

ISBN 10: 0471813478 ISBN 13: 9780471813477

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, 1985

Synopsis

Well known and respected authors present a chronologically oraganized introduction to child and adolescent development. Research oriented, the text brings together research and real children with interludes or vignettes. Provides a logical and straightforward organization emphasizing development in its social context written in an accessible, conversational tone. Stresses practical issues and features research focus boxes, chapter outlines, attractive design and illustration material, a glossry of key terms, and study questions.

About this title

From the Back Cover:

GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) provides a service to more than 500 million users throughout 168 countries worldwide. It is the world market leader serving 69 % of all mobile digital users and is currently evolving into UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System). By describing the critical decisions and the phases of the development this key text explains how the GSM initiative became a success in Europe and how it evolved to the global mobile communication system. Initially the strategy and technical specifications were agreed for Europe and the subsequent evolution to a global solution was achieved by incorporating all non–European requirements and by inviting all committed parties worldwide to participate. The process started in 1982 and the first GSM networks went into commercial service in 1992. The first UMTS networks are expected in 2002 and the fourth generation discussions have begun. ∗ Presents a complete technical history of the development of GSM and the early evolution to UMTS ∗ Clarifies the creation of the initial GSM second generation system in CEPT GSM, the evolution to a generation 2.5 system in ETSI SMG and the evolution to the Third Generation (UMTS) in ETSI SMG and 3GPP ∗ Covers all of the services and system features together with the working methods and organisational aspects GSM and UMTS provides an interesting and informative read and will appeal to everyone involved in the mobile communications market needing to know how GSM and UMTS technologies evolved. The accompanying CD–ROM provides nearly 500 reference documents including reports of all standardisation plenary meetings, strategy documents, key decisions, the GSM Memorandum of Understanding and the report of the UMTS Task Force.

Excerpt. © Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.:

CHAPTER 1: GSM’S ACHIEVEMENTS

SECTION 1: Introduction By Friedhelm Hillebrand

1.1.1 Introduction to the Content of the Book

This book describes how global mobile communication was made. It is written for those who want or need to know how this was achieved e.g.:

- Young professionals who want to build their career on GSM and UMTS and need to understand the basics

- Strategic and technical planners who want to drive the future GSM and UMTS development

- Strategists who plan to repeat GSM’s success in the fourth generation

- Academics, who want to understand and analyse the development of GSM and UMTS;

- Activists in other large scale international communication projects who want to use experiences gained.

But the book is also written for those about two thousand colleagues who participated in the work and want to have a record of the events or to have a more comprehensive image, of what happened in the different branches of the very big network of groups.

GSM is the system which started in Europe and was accepted by the world. It provides global mobile communication to:

- Anybody: 500 million users from professionals to children in May 2001

- Anywhere: 168 countries in all continents in May 2001

- Any media: voice, messaging, data, multimedia UMTS is built on the GSM footprint and plans to repeat the GSM success.

This book is focused on the pre-competitive sphere, the big co-operative effort, which enabled the huge market success world-wide. The clarification of the strategies, the strategic decisions on the broad avenues in service and system design and commercial concepts are described. This book provides an insight into the process of how this was achieved and when. In selected cases it shows the complexity of the process and the antagonism of the interests of the different parties and the consensus building process in detail. The output of the process is well documented in the technical specifications produced by the different groups. They can be retrieved from the Internet. This book describes the building of the will and momentum to create a Pan-European system to end the market segmentation and barriers to growth. Principles were agreed. Advanced services’ requirements including international roaming were agreed. To fulfil these requirements an advanced new digital system was developed. The system provided for a competition of several operators in a country. Advanced low cost terminals were achieved by large markets and manufacturers competition. Advanced low cost infrastructure was enabled by large markets, multivendor concepts and manufacturers competition. All major decisions were made in time, even the most difficult ones. A far-reaching system evolution – even leading from second to third generation – was implemented. Manufacturers and operators promoted GSM in Europe and beyond. The world was invited to become a partner with equal rights in this process.

The book covers intensively the two phases which lead to the long-term strategic orientation of GSM and UMTS. There were protracted and deep controversial debates, which lead to a consensus:

The debate about the concepts and the basic parameters of the GSM standard from the end of 1986 to mid-1987 showed that the Europeans could agree on one solution and meant business with GSM. It lead to the creation of a new more open organisation by moving all work from CEPT GSM to ETSI GSM opening the doors for manufacturers to participate with equal rights and the GSM MoU Group to participate as the operators’ club.

The debate about the strategy, the concepts and the basic parameters of UMTS in 1996– 1997 lead to a re-orientation of the UMTS concept and an agreement on its cornerstones within ETSI and with key players in North America and in Asia. This required also a new more open and more efficient organisation of the work in 3GPP, which allowed access with equal rights to non-European players. In both cases a stable base and framework for the following phase of more detailed work was achieved. The much more competitive situation in the market created by the licensing of several operators in a country did in principle not deteriorate the consensus building process, since the new players understood very quickly that a constructive co-operation in the pre-competitive sphere was the prerequisite of the success. These new players brought often more demanding requirements. This was essential for the vivid and fertile system evolution. The founding documents of the GSM/UMTS system are the GSM!
/UMTS Technical Specifications and Standards and the Permanent Reference Documents (PRDs). The Technical Specifications contain the basic technical definitions: services, system architecture, selected interfaces and operation and maintenance functions, and test specifications. Some of these, which are needed for regulatory purposes, are converted into formal Standards. The Technical Specifications and Standards were elaborated by groups who varied over time: CEPT GSM, ETSI GSM and SMG, ANSI T1P1 and 3GPP. The PRDs cover commercial and operational aspects, e.g. service and commercial requirements, test specifications for roaming, security algorithms, protocols for the interchange of charging data for roamers. They were elaborated by working groups in the GSM MoU Group, later called GSM MoU Association and now GSM Association.

The book provides in the rest of Chapter 1 key milestones and success statistics. It describes in Chapters 2–9 the GSM phases and the evolution towards UMTS built on GSM. Chapters 10–20 provide more details on technical aspects and working methods. Chapter 21 deals with operators co-operation and the elaboration of the PRDs. Chapter 22 describes the world-wide acceptance of GSM and UMTS. Chapter 23 tries to explain from our point of view, which factors enabled this success which surpassed all expectations.

A CD-ROM is attached to the book, which contains all reference documents mentioned in the footnotes of the different contributions. The success of GSM and UMTS was created by the working together of a very large number of people in a network. The catalyst of this process was the co-operation of a smaller number of people in the pre-competitive sphere using different forums…….

About this edition

• Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
• Publication date: 1985
• ISBN 10: 0471813478
• ISBN 13: 9780471813477
• Binding: Hardcover
• Number of pages: 822