Veronika Minkova (31 results)

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Essay from the year 2011 in the subject Law - Civil / Private, Trade, Anti Trust Law, Business Law, grade: 1,3, University of Reading, course: European Competition Law, language: English, abstract: The first section of the present essay discusses historically the European Commission's approach towards efficiencies. The second section elaborates on the choice of welfare standards and explains the European approach of adopting the consumer welfare standard. The third section outlines types of efficiencies according to the economic literature. The fourth section discusses the three cumulative conditions of the European Commission in order to consider efficiency claims. The next section reveals the Commission decisional practice in cases of efficiency claims and analyses its development. In the last chapter more attention is paid to theory and practice of efficiencies in cases of non-horizontal mergers. 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Essay from the year 2010 in the subject Politics - Topic: Globalization, Political Economics, grade: 1,7, King`s College London, language: English, abstract: The period from the end of the World War II to the mid-1970s saw world-wide sustained and high economic growth. Within a generation Western European society was transformed from predominantly agrarian to post-industrial. Latin America, Asia and Africa also were heading towards higher growth rates. During the 1980s, a new period of integration of national economies led to the intensification of international economic interconnectedness and developing economies were expected to overcome the between-country income gap through openness-growth link. This was seen as the manifestation of neoliberalism as new forms of international economic relations emerged such as industrialisation and the new international division of labour. However, as recent studies point towards increasing world poverty and inequality, scholars have re-examined the validity of the neoliberal argument. After years of implementing prescribed reforms, some developing countries and regions, such as Sub-Saharan Africa, have not experienced the expected growth. Chapter 2 summarizes the implications of the policy-paradigm inspired by the Washington Consensus. Chapter 3 identifies current trends in global poverty and inequality with attention to the different measures used to interpret world economic well-being. The next chapter analyses the openness-growth-inequality-poverty nexus. The final chapter seeks to recognize causes of poverty and inequality transmitted by the globalization process. The factors of poverty and inequality path dependence are grouped in four categories: economic openness and technological progress; macroeconomic policies; financialisation of the economy; and international financial institutions. 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Essay from the year 2011 in the subject Law - European and International Law, Intellectual Properties, grade: 1,7, University of Reading, language: English, abstract: Directive 2003/87/EC established a scheme for greenhouse gas (GHG) emission allowance trading within the Community which is in compliance with the overall commitment entered into by the European Community and its Member States under the Kyoto Protocol. It aims at reducing total emissions of GHG by at least 5% of the level of emissions in 1990, during the period 2008-12. The EU Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) is based on the recognition that creating a price for carbon emissions is the most cost-effective way to achieve the deep reductions in global GHG emissions that are needed to prevent climate change from reaching dangerous levels. The first section of the present essay outlines the problem of climate change and how the international legal framework addresses it. In the second section, the cap-and-trade system is discussed as a flexible mechanism for climate protection. The next section identifies three theoretic models of the ETS: Economic Efficiency, Private Property Rights and Command-and-Control models. The fifth section outlines the EU ETS and discusses its main components. Finally, in the last section a critical analysis of the EU ETS is presented in terms of three main criticisms: target achievement, perverse incentives and economization of an ecological problem. 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Essay aus dem Jahr 2010 im Fachbereich Politik - Internationale Politik - Thema: Europäische Union, Note: 1,3, King`s College London, Veranstaltung: EU and the Middle East - Economics, Politics and Peace, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Historically, in contrast to trade relations, political relations between Western Europe and Iran were predominated with inconsistency and controversy. The Critical Dialogue was the first official European uniform approach towards Iran after the 1979 Islamic Revolution and it was conducted in line with the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) enshrined in the Maastricht Treaty in 1992. The framework was based on two contradictory trends: the perception of Iran as an important economic partner and the growing importance of human rights in relations with third countries. Iranian failure to adhere to international norms in the area of human rights represented an obstacle to its recognition as a fully legitimate economic and political partner. The Critical Dialogue contrasted with the United States (US) 'active containment' policy of economic boycotts and was referred by critics as an 'immoral cover for maintaining lucrative commercial relations with Iran'. Chapter 2 examines developments of the political and economic relations between EU-3 and Iran after the 1979 Iranian Revolution. It seeks to answer the question: 'Which are the circumstances leading to the positive expectations of relations between Iran and Western Europe at the time of the 1979 Revolution '. Chapter 3 identifies the factors leading to the establishment of the Critical Dialogue, namely Iranian domestic human rights abuses; the fatwa against Salman Rushdie; assassination of Iranian dissidents in Europe; Iranian opposition to the Arab-Israeli peace process and the support for Hamas; and allegations of attempting to construct nuclear weapons. Chapter 4 highlights the selected methods for implementation of the Critical Dialogue and analyses its underlying principles: the conviction of the prospect of strengthening moderate political forces in Iran; the promotion of human rights under the newly established CFSP; and the use of the means of communication (dialogue). Chapter 5 poses the question: 'What are the achievements of the Critical Dialogue framework ', in terms of its impact on Iran's domestic human rights and the Euro-Iranian trade relations. The final chapter identifies causes for transatlantic divergence of stances towards Iran. 28 pp. Deutsch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Essay from the year 2009 in the subject Communications - Intercultural Communication, printed single-sided, grade: 1,3, Furtwangen University; Villingen-Schwenningen, language: English, abstract: The paramount goal of intercultural management is to revise organizational patterns in order to provide an understanding of the different approaches used by managers worldwide. Identifying significant differences in management in Germany and China is established through comparison of socio-cultural and managerial variables. Chinese leadership is characterized by more authorial rather than participative management style. This is explained by Chinese historical and cultural background. The Confucius heritage, legacy of communism, synthetic view of the world and interrelatedness of life in China are some of the essential determinants of managerial styles and social roles at all. Rationalism and objectivism, search for certainty, traditional individualism and analytical thinking are some of the key variables to shape the German managerial styles. Socio-cultural differences are examined in terms of way of thinking and perception of the world; contextual meaning and degree of group-orientation. Managerial differences are divided into three categories: organizational structure, managing processes and interpersonal relations. 20 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject Ethnology / Cultural Anthropology, grade: 1,3, Furtwangen University, course: Latin American Economy, language: English, abstract: [.] In the first part socio-cultural background of indigenous people is reviewed. The ethnically diverseEcuadorian society is analyzed as well as the representation of indigenous people in it. In thesecond part of the paper the socio-economic profile of indigenous people is analyzed in terms ofthe degree of poverty and labor market participation. The indigenous people labour marketparticipation is viewed in terms of occupation and sectors; and determinants of employment. In thefollowing part government policies and programmes are seen at more historical view through thedevelopment and integration of indigenous people in the Ecuadorian society. In the last part thelevels of social organization are analyzed with the inclusion of social networks, which plays animportant role for the indigenous people's employment. 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2009 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 1,7, Furtwangen University; Villingen-Schwenningen, language: English, abstract: Art shop 'Avocadi' is an art and souvenir shop, situated in Hungarian town of Szentendre. Hungary is in 17th place ranking of World's Top tourism destinations The place is carefully selected as it is only 20 kilometers from Budapest on the bank of the River Danube. The ancient houses, churches and traditions of its various ethnic groups so carefully preserved in this atmospheric small town have made it a popular destination for excursions. Located in the heart of Szentendre, art shop 'Avocadi' will attract both tourists and locals. Because in all travel agencies' programs visit to Szentendre is included (either by bus or boat), a large amount of tourists visiting Budapest spend a few couples of hours in Szentendre. Due to its internationally famed artists' colony as well as its numerous museums and galleries it is both a city of the living arts and a true tourist favorites. 20 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Internship Report from the year 2008 in the subject Business economics - Miscellaneous, grade: 1,0, Furtwangen University; Villingen-Schwenningen, language: English, abstract: The following report outlines my internship in the sales department at Fujitsu Siemens Computers GmbH located in Stuttgart. The first part gives overall information about the FSC foundation and company data; product portfolio; sales organization; marketing, while in the second part the focus is on the sales team I had the opportunity to work in and the activities and projects I have been involved in, on strategic and operative basis. 20 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Essay from the year 2010 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: European Union, grade: 1,3, King`s College London, language: English, abstract: After the first decade of the advent of the euro, analysts have examined the prospect of the European common currency to become not only regional currency, but also its usage to spread internationally. Not only has the euro proved to be more than a powerful symbol of collective identity, but it has also provided price stability, it has been a shelter against currency crises and it has attracted new member states that wish to join the euro area. However, this positive landscape has changed in the face of the global financial crisis and the Greek budgetary crisis. Many have seen the euro only as 'a fair weather currency' arguing that confluence of factors facilitates the euro's deficiency of becoming 'bad weather currency' such as economic divergence and internal imbalances between member states. The first section of the essay discusses the benefits and costs of issuing an international currency. By applying the three attributes of money to the euro, the second section reviews the euro's performance as a medium of exchange, unit of account and store of value. The final section identifies factors which hinder the European common currency's success as an international currency. These factors include: inertial forces characterising the financial markets, governance design of EMU, member states' internal imbalances, fragmentation of financial markets, non-economic limitations and the European Union's discouraging stance towards the euro's international status. 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Essay from the year 2010 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: European Union, grade: 1,7, King`s College London, language: English, abstract: The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has been the centre of controversy throughout its history and has proven highly expensive and difficult to reform. The CAP remained almost entirely unchanged from its establishment at the Stresa Conference in July 1958 during more than 30 years and then was substantially reformed between 1992 and 2003. For many years with the status of the only common European Community policy governed by EU institutions, CAP is predisposed to complexity, which stems from the original policy design. Chapter 3 seeks to answer the question: 'What was the motivation for setting up the initial CAP design', which can give insight of the reform steps in the light of the initial policy base. By taking account of the context in which the CAP is implemented, namely the European integration, domestic developments and exogenous factors, Chapter 4 attempts to grasp the dynamics of the three major CAP reforms: MacSharry reform, Agenda 2000, and Fischler reform. The next chapter identifies the determinants of CAP reform. In line with the historical institutionalist perspective, Chapter 6 discusses causes for path dependence and policy feedback mechanisms. Finally, in regard to the growing use of the notion 'European agricultural model', the final chapter answers the question of whether the subsequent CAP reforms led to a policy paradigm shift. 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Master's Thesis from the year 2010 in the subject Economics - International Economic Relations, grade: 1,3, King`s College London, course: MA European Studies, language: English, abstract: From the 1940s to the 1980s large enterprises in Europe was clearly the dominant form of business organisation. Small businesses were believed to be less efficient than their larger counterparts and only marginally involved in innovative activities. This has gradually changed to the extent that, at present, national and supranational policy-makers have given strong priority to entrepreneurship and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Scholars argue that the outlook of the European economies has undergone a transformation from the managed to the entrepreneurial economy. This sharp change of direction has been primarily driven by a combination of factors including: the growing importance of the knowledge-economy in terms of occupational choices, factors of production and changing patterns of commercial activities; concerns for high unemployment rates, declining international competitiveness in comparison to the USA and Japan and rates of economic growth as well as an evidence of shifting patterns of consumer demand. Evidently, a new vision of the EU's economic strategy has been conceived in terms of the belief that economic, social and environmental goals must go hand in hand in the 21st century. In the centre of this vision is the innovative entrepreneur who is believed to be a major ingredient for the revitalisation of European economies. The subject of entrepreneurship has been the topic of scholarship and research in a variety of academic fields. The interdisciplinary nature of scholarship reflects the subject as entrepreneurship itself is a multifaceted social and economic phenomenon. However, since there is no explicit horizontal entrepreneurship policy domain at the European level, the topic has not caught sufficient attention from European Union public policy analysts.The main purpose of the dissertation is to discuss how the EU accommodates the image of 'entrepreneurial economy' within its policy-making apparatus. A generalisation of 'European' entrepreneurial economy has been made which underlines the supranational level of analysis and gives more attention to what has been undertaken collectively rather than individually by Member States. 60 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - Essay from the year 2011 in the subject Law - European and International Law, Intellectual Properties, grade: 1,7, University of Reading, language: English, abstract: Computers represent a stark example of dual use technology as they can be used for peaceful and military purposes, such as espionage and cyber-attacks. Cyber-attacks are a new tool of coercion, which brings many advantages for potential perpetrators in comparison with conventional attacks. For example, the knowledge and equipment necessary to initiate a computer network attack are widely available. The response of international law to this problem has been slow, attempting to twist existing legal frameworks to fit the new challenge. The present essay considers whether the international community should view computerized network attacks as a prohibited use of force under Article 2(4) of the UN Charter.The first section defines the parameters of cyber-attack and distinguishes it from other forms of computer crime. Several reasons for choosing cyber-attack over conventional weapons are identified. The second section discusses whether cyber-attack constitutes 'armed force'. Cyber-attack is contrasted with other forms of coercion such as political and economic coercion as well as chemical and biological weapons. The final section poses the question whether cyber-attacks are prohibited by Article 2(4) of the UN Charter, particularly focusing on the issue of consequentiality.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - Essay from the year 2011 in the subject Law - Media, Multimedia Law, Copyright, grade: 1,3, University of Reading, course: Intellectual property rights, language: English, abstract: One of the main functions of trade mark law is to reconcile conflicting interests of trade mark owners and third parties. The present essay identifies those conflicting interests and sheds light on how the legal framework attempts to strike a balance between preserving the rights of trade mark owners and securing the interests of third parties. The legal framework seeks to balance the interests of trade mark owners and other stakeholders such as the direct competitor, the consumer or the public at large. The first section of the essay outlines the tensions of trade mark law. Firstly, it focuses on the wide powers conferred upon the proprietor of a registered trade mark. Consequently, it identifies when the law provides for limitations of the monopolistic character of trade marks. The concept of 'honest practices in industrial and commercial matters' is identified also in the first section. The second section of the present essay looks more closely at the trade mark defences under Section 11 of the Trade Mark Act 1994.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - Essay from the year 2011 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: Public International Law and Human Rights, grade: 1,7, University of Reading, language: English, abstract: A gradual process of change, termed 'deepening and widening' of international law, can be observed in response to new challenges to the world order, such as the increased global economic interdependence, demands for human rights and ethnic autonomy, and transboundary environmental damage. States are increasingly entering formal international agreements and transferring a portion of their sovereignty to authoritative international institutions. The proliferation and evolution of international arrangements has raised the question of States' compliance with international law having in mind the horizontal nature of the international legal system. Law and compliance are conceptually linked as law explicitly aims to provide compliance with legal rules. Theories of compliance draw on both international relations and international law scholarship. Understanding state behaviour in terms of compliance with international law is vital for effectively designing international commitments and improving the efficiency of international institutions. The first section of the present essay outlines the discussion of the nature and function of international law. The common themes of the status of law of international law and its decentralised nature are discussed. The next section addresses theories of compliance with international law. States' compliance motives are grouped in three categories: 'international law of power', 'international law of community' and 'international law of reciprocity'.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Master's Thesis from the year 2011 in the subject Law - European and International Law, Intellectual Properties, University of Reading, course: LLM International Law, language: English, abstract: The Lisbon Treaty brought about substantial legal and institutional innovations to the external action of the European Union: In line with the principle of horizontal consistency, the dissertation aims at assessing how the Lisbon changes have affected areas of external actions individually and collectively as well as to what extent these changes have contributed to more consistent external policy. In the beginning of the analysis consistency is discussed as a multi-dimensional concept. The dissertation has focused on two aspects of horizontal consistency - inter-institutional and inter-policy horizontal consistency. Whereas inter-institutional horizontal consistency has focused on achieving synchronisation among the European institutions, inter-policy horizontal consistency is interested in coherent policy-making between the different external action areas, namely the Common Commercial Policy, the Common Foreign and Security Policy, the Common Security and Defence Policy, the development cooperation and the technical assistance with third countries. 64 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Bachelor Thesis from the year 2009 in the subject Economics - Micro-economics, grade: 1,3, Furtwangen University; Villingen-Schwenningen, language: English, abstract: Across a wide range of industries traditional market leaders are threatened by low price competitors. These low price firms are steadily eroding the profit margins and market share of their more established rivals. A vivid example from aviation is the Low Cost Carriers. Beginning in the North America and spreading to Europe, the airline passenger market has witnessed a growing intensity in price-based competition. This intensified competition has been facilitated by policy deregulation initiatives until the emergence of the phenomenon Low Cost Airlines. European Low Cost Airlines have changed people's leisure and travel habits, opening up direct services between city pairs that were not available before.The present thesis aims at analysing the European Low Cost Carriers (LCCs) business model from the perspective of its rapid expansion on the air travel market. In conjunction with the liberalisation of commercial aviation the LCCs' impacts on the European community have been identified in line with the sustainable transport concept recognized as a common goal in the two European Commission's strategic documents: Lisbon Agenda and European Sustainable Development Strategy.The European low cost model is examined in terms; its business model and strategic positioning; the LCCs' positive and negative impacts after its rapid growth; the sector dynamics and its long term sustainability. This LCC multi-dimensional view imposes the main questions of the current work in search for broad analysis of the LCCs trend: 'What are the essential characteristics of the LCCs business model ';' How it affects the EU community '; and 'What driving forces stand behind the LCCs model '.The thesis sets itself the following sub-objectives and attempts to answer their corresponding questions:- Overview of the European civil aviation industry prior deregulation (until 1988): How the industry was regulated and by whom - Tracing the European air travel industry's liberalisation: What kind of regulatory changes have been introduced in European civil aviation after 1988 - Consequences of the deregulation processes on the air travel market: What were the outcomes of the air transport industry's liberalisation and prerequisites for LCCs emergence - Introduction of the first European LCCs: How the European LCCs emerged - Analysis of the LCCs competitive and cost advantages: What are the LCCs' cost advantages and their determinants [.] 88 pp. Englisch.